GHS Classification Result

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GENERAL INFORMATION
Item Information
CAS RN 7664-39-3
Chemical Name Hydrogen fluoride
Substance ID H29-B-004
Classification year (FY) FY2017
Ministry who conducted the classification Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year FY2006  
Download of Excel format Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION
Item Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link) GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
UN GHS document (External link) UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link) eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable
-
-
- - Hydrogen fluoride which is the target of classification is anhydrate, and it was classified assuming that it was practically gas (a state that most was gasified). Besides, please refer to the classification of "Hydrofluoric acid" (liquid) having the same CAS RN.
A boiling point of hydrogen fluoride is 19.5-19.9 deg C, and no report that assures that the substance is completely gaseous at 20 deg C was found as far as the investigation went, and there is no evidence that it meets the GHS definition for gases ((i) substance whose vapour pressure exceeds 300 kPa (absolute) at 50 deg C, or (ii) substance which is completely gaseous at standard atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa) at 20 deg C). However, it is practically gas.
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not classified
-
-
- - It is not combustible (ICSC (J) (2016)).
3 Aerosols Not applicable
-
-
- - Not aerosol products.
4 Oxidizing gases Classification not possible
-
-
- - No data available.
5 Gases under pressure Liquefied gas


Warning
H280 P410+P403 Due to a boiling point of around 19 deg C, it is a liquid at low temperatures. A low pressure liquefied gas of a critical temperature of 188.0 deg C (HSDB (Access on May 2017)).
6 Flammable liquids Not applicable
-
-
- - Although there is no evidence that it meets the GHS definition for gases, it is practically gas.
7 Flammable solids Not applicable
-
-
- - Although there is no evidence that it meets the GHS definition for gases, it is practically gas.
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable
-
-
- - Although there is no evidence that it meets the GHS definition for gases, it is practically gas.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not applicable
-
-
- - Although there is no evidence that it meets the GHS definition for gases, it is practically gas.
10 Pyrophoric solids Not applicable
-
-
- - Although there is no evidence that it meets the GHS definition for gases, it is practically gas.
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Not applicable
-
-
- - Although there is no evidence that it meets the GHS definition for gases, it is practically gas.
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable
-
-
- - Although there is no evidence that it meets the GHS definition for gases, it is practically gas.
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable
-
-
- - Although there is no evidence that it meets the GHS definition for gases, it is practically gas.
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable
-
-
- - Although there is no evidence that it meets the GHS definition for gases, it is practically gas.
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable
-
-
- - Although there is no evidence that it meets the GHS definition for gases, it is practically gas.
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible
-
-
- - Test methods applicable to gas substances are not available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Not applicable
-
-
- - The target hydrogen fluoride here is the anhydrate, and classification was performed assuming it to be practically gas (mostly gasified state). Besides, please also refer to the classification of "hydrofluoric acid (liquid)" with the same CAS number.

The information states the boiling point of hydrogen fluoride is 19.5-19.9 deg C and no report was found ensuring that it is completely gaseous at 20 deg C within the scope of the investigation, and no conclusive evidence was found to meet the GHS definition of gas ((i) substance whose vapour pressure exceeds 300 kPa (absolute) at 50 deg C or (ii) substance which is completely gaseous at standard atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa) at 20 deg C), but it is practically gaseous. In the previous classification, this substance was determined as a liquid in the GHS definition, but the classification target was determined as practically a gas. Therefore, the classification result was changed.
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Not applicable
-
-
- - There is no evidence to satisfy the GHS definition of gas ((i) a substance whose vapour pressure exceeds 300 kPa (absolute) at 50 deg C or (ii) a substance which is completely gaseous at standard atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa) at 20 deg C), but it is practically a gas. In the previous classification, this substance was determined as a liquid in the GHS definition, but the classification target was determined as practically a gas. Therefore, the classification result was changed.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Category 3


Danger
H331 P304+P340
P403+P233
P261
P271
P311
P321
P405
P501
In 1-hour inhalation exposure tests with rats, there are 6 reports of LC50 values, 0.792 mg/L (967 ppm, converted 4-hour equivalent value: 484 ppm) (EU-RAR (2001)), 1.069 mg/L (1,306 ppm, converted 4-hour equivalent value: 653 ppm) (EU-RAR (2001), PATTY (6th, 2012)), 1.138 mg/L (1,392 ppm, converted 4-hour equivalent value: 696 ppm) (EU-RAR (2001)), 1.317 mg/L (1,610 ppm, converted 4-hour equivalent value: 805 ppm) (ATSDR (2003)), 1.828 mg/L (2,233 ppm, converted 4-hour equivalent value: 1,117 ppm) (EU-RAR (2001)), and 1.909 mg/L (2,332 ppm, converted 4-hour equivalent value: 1,166 ppm) (EU-RAR (2001)) are reported. Of these, one corresponds to Category 2, and five to Category 3, thus, this substance was classified in Category 3 by adopting the category supported by the largest number of reports. In the previous classification, since this substance was determined as a liquid in the GHS definition, it was classified as "Not applicable," but the classification target was determined as practically a gas. Therefore, the classification result was changed.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Not applicable
-
-
- - There is no evidence to satisfy the GHS definition of gas ((i) a substance whose vapour pressure exceeds 300 kPa (absolute) at 50 deg C or (ii) a substance which is completely gaseous at standard atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa) at 20 deg C), but it is practically a gas. In the previous classification, this substance was determined as a liquid in the GHS definition, but the classification target was determined as practically a gas. Therefore, the classification result was changed.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Not applicable
-
-
- - There is no evidence to satisfy the GHS definition of gas ((i) substance whose vapour pressure exceeds 300 kPa (absolute) at 50 deg C or (ii) a substance which is completely gaseous at standard atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa) at 20 deg C), but it is practically a gas. In the previous classification, this substance was determined as a liquid in the GHS definition, but the classification target was determined as practically a gas. Therefore, the classification result was changed.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1


Danger
H314 P301+P330+P331
P303+P361+P353
P305+P351+P338
P304+P340
P260
P264
P280
P310
P321
P363
P405
P501
Based on the description that severe irritation or corrosivity of the skin was found in contact with this substance (PATTY (6th, 2012), EU-RAR (2001), ATSDR (2003)), the substance was classified in Category 1. Besides, it is classified as "Skin. Corr. 1A H314" in EU CLP classification (ECHA CL Inventory (Access on May 2017)).
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1


Danger
H318 P305+P351+P338
P280
P310
Based on the description that contact of this substance with the eyes causes severe irritation (PATTY (6th, 2012), EU-RAR (2001), ATSDR (2003)), this substance was classified in Category 1.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification not possible due to lack of data.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, in the previous classification, the report that allergic dermatitis was observed among workers occupationally exposed to this substance (Chemical Substance Hazard Data (CERI, 2002)) was adopted as the evidence of the classification. However, this was not adopted because Chemical Substance Hazard Data (CERI) is the source of information listed in List 3. Therefore, the category was revised.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Classification not possible
-
-
- - The results of in vivo tests (mouse dominant lethal test, mutual translocation test on mouse testis, chromosomal aberration tests on rat bone marrow cells) with hydrogen fluoride were inconclusive. Evaluation was possible from the test with sodium fluoride (CAS RN 7681-49-4), which showed no chromosomal aberration. However, abnormality was observed in anaphase cells. Since fluoride ions do not bind to DNA covalently, and do not form DNA adducts, it is thought to be secondary effect. Therefore, it was concluded that inorganic fluoride does not induce chromosomal damage in vivo (above EU-RAR (2002)). As for in vitro, a bacterial reverse mutation test was negative (DFGOT (2014) (Access on May 2017), EU-RAR (2001)). From the above, along with the GHS classification guidance for the Japanese Government, the substance was classified as "Classification not possible."
6 Carcinogenicity Classification not possible
-
-
- - Since ACGIH classified fluorides in A4 (ACGIH (7th, 2001)) and IARC classified fluorides (inorganic, used in drinking water) in Group 3 (IARC Suppl. 7 (1987)), it was classified as "Classification not possible." Besides, there is no test data of this substance itself. However, as for sodium fluoride (CAS RN 7681-49-4), there are reports of tests in which rats and mice were dosed by drinking water or by diet. In a test with male rats dosed by drinking water, based on a small increase in the occurrence of osteosarcomas observed in a test with male rats dosed by drinking water, it was judged as equivocal evidence of carcinogenic activity. However, it was concluded that there was no evidence of carcinogenic activity other than this or the test systems were inadequate to allow an evaluation to be made (NTP TR393 (1990), EU-RAR (2001)).
7 Reproductive toxicity Classification not possible
-
-
- - There is no information on reproductive toxicity of this substance itself. However, since it functions as free fluoride ions in vivo, information on fluorides, particularly sodium fluoride (CAS RN 7681-49-4) is considered to be available (EU-RAR (2001)). Both in a two-generation reproduction toxicity study with sodium fluoride and rats and in developmental toxicity study with sodium fluoride and rats or rabbits, there were no effects or only minor effects that were not adopted as evidence of the classification at doses where maternal toxicity was manifested (EU-RAR (2001), DFGOT (2014) (Access on May 2017), ATSDR (2003)).
From the above, no clear developmental toxicity was observed by the oral route with sodium fluoride. Therefore, classification was not possible due to lack of data. As with sodium fluoride, this substance was also classified as "Classification not possible."
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (respiratory organs, cardiovascular system)


Danger
H370 P308+P311
P260
P264
P270
P321
P405
P501
As for humans, it was reported that as a result of medical interviews in a 1-hour inhalation exposure study of this substance with human volunteers, significant effects on the upper respiratory tract (nose, throat) were seen at 2.5 mg/m3 or above (DFGOT (2014) (Access on May 2017), ACGIH (7th, 2005), ATSDR (2003), EU-RAR (2001)). As for experimental animals, there is a report that in a single inhalation exposure test with rats, damage to the upper respiratory tract, respiratory distress, pulmonary congestion, and intra-alveolar edema were observed (EU-RAR (2001)). Since the LC50 value in this test is reported as 653 ppm (converted 4-hour equivalent value) corresponding to Category 1, it is considered that these effects were observed at a dose within the guidance value range of Category 1 near the LC50 value. In addition, although it is information on hydrofluoric acid (liquid), several cases are reported in which hypocalcemia and arrhythmias in addition to the effects on the respiratory tract were caused in humans exposed by dermal and inhalation due to accident (ATSDR (2003), PATTY (6th, 2012)). Since hypocalcemia is thought to be due to the binding of fluoride ions to calcium (PATTY (6th, 2012)), also in the case of inhalation exposure of this substance, it is considered that the effects on the cardiovascular system due to similar hypocalcemia are possible. From the above, this substance was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs, cardiovascular system). In the previous classification, based on the information that hemorrhage and necrosis of the pancreas were noted in humans (Chemical Substance Hazard Data (CERI, 2002)), the pancreas was adopted as the target organ. However, Chemical Substance Hazard Data (CERI) is an information source in List 3, in addition, effect on the pancreas was noted in only one case of accidental ingestion of hydrofluoric acid (liquid) listed in ATSDR (2003), therefore, it was not adopted as evidence of classification. Therefore, the classification result was changed.
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (nervous system, teeth, bone, respiratory organs)


Danger
H372 P260
P264
P270
P314
P501
In humans, there is no information on this substance. However, there is a report of lesions in bones related to fluorosis due to occupational exposure to inorganic fluoride in ACGIH's "FLUORIDES" (ACGIH (7th, 2001)).
As for experimental animals, in a 91-day inhalation toxicity test (6 hours/day, 5 days/week) with rats, death, alopecia, hunched posture, suppression in body weight, dental malocclusions, increases in number of segmented neutrophils and platelets, a decrease in the number of red blood cells, a decrease in blood sugar, albumin and A/G-ratio, an increase in potassium and inorganic phosphorus, an increase in relative organs weights of the kidneys, liver, lungs, testes, spleen, brain, heart, adrenals and etc. were observed at 7.52 mg/m3 (converted guidance value: 6.6 ppm), which is within a guidance value range of Category 1. There is a report that in a one-month inhalation toxicity test (6 hours/day, daily) with rats, damage to the dental enamel, atrophy and local oedema of the bronchial mucosa, peribronchial hyperplasia, and irregularity of medullar cavities in the bones were observed at 1 mg/m3 (converted guidance value: 0.4 ppm), which is within the guidance value range of Category 1 (EU-RAR (2001)). In addition, in a five-month inhalation toxicity test (continuous exposure) with rats, central nervous system dysfunctions (decreased conditioned responses, increased latency until motor nerve response after stimulating) at or above 0.03 ppm (converted guidance value: 0.12 ppm), which is within the guidance value range of Category 1, and histopathological changes in the nerve cell synapses at 0.1 ppm (converted guidance value: 0.4 ppm) were reported (ATSDR (2003)). Besides, there is a report that in a five-month inhalation toxicity test (6 hours/day, 6 days/week) with dogs, degenerative changes of the testes and ulcerations of the scrotum were observed at 18 ppm (converted guidance value: 6 ppm), which is within the guidance value range of Category 1 (ATSDR (2003)). However, it is described in ATSDR (2003) that no effect was observed in rats and rabbits at the same concentration, and no further details were available for this test, furthermore, it is not clear that this is a result from dermal contact with the gas or a systemic effect, therefore, this data was not adopted as evidence of the classification. Moreover, in 50-day inhalation toxicity tests (6-7 hours/day) with animals (three guinea pigs, five rabbits, and two monkeys), fatty degeneration of the liver etc. in the guinea pigs and rabbits are reported (ATSDR (2003)). But, since it is described in ATSDR (2003) that the number of animals used was few and measurements of concentration were not very precise, this data was also not adopted as evidence of classification.
Therefore, this substance was classified in Category 1 (nervous system, teeth, bone and respiratory organs).
Besides, since the Chemical Substance Hazard Data (CERI, 2002) which was mainly used in the previous classification is an information source in List 3, this information was not adopted. Therefore, the classification result was changed.
10 Aspiration hazard Not applicable
-
-
- - There is no evidence to satisfy the gas defined by GHS, but it practically gas.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Category 3
-
-
H402 P273
P501
From 96-hour EC50 (immobile) = 40.3 mg/L [converted value 38.28 mgF/L] for crustacea (Chaetogammarus marinus) (ECETOC TR91: 2003), it was classified in Category 3. Besides, the data of sodium fluoride was used for the classification.
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Not classified
-
-
- - The substance is an inorganic compound, and its behavior in water is unknown. However, due to water solubility of being freely miscible, 21-day NOEC (reproduction) = 3.9 mg/L [converted value 3.7 mgF/L] for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (NICNAS PEC: 2001, EU RAR: 2001), 72-hour NOEC (rate method) => 221 mg/L [converted value 210 mgF/L] for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Ministry of the Environment in Japan (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)), and 28-day NOEC (early life stage test) => 4.7 mg/L [converted value NaF: 9.9 mg/L] for fish (Oryzias latipes) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Ministry of the Environment in Japan (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)), it was classified as "Not classified." Besides, the data of sodium fluoride was used for the classification.
12 Hazardous to the ozone layer Classification not possible
-
-
- - No data available.


NOTE:
* A blank or "-" in a cell of classification denotes that the classification of the hazard class was not conducted.
* Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement will show when hovering the mouse over a code of Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement.
Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement are also provided in the Excel file.
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government,
and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.
* Codes assigned to each of the hazard statements and codes for each of the precautionary statement are
based on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) in United Nations.

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