GHS Classification Result
GENERAL INFORMATION
REFERENCE INFORMATION
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
NOTE:
GENERAL INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| CAS RN | 144-62-7 |
| Chemical Name | Oxalic acid |
| Substance ID | H28-B-037, C-048B |
| Classification year (FY) | FY2016 |
| Ministry who conducted the classification | Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE) |
| New/Revised | Revised |
| Classification result in other fiscal year | FY2006 |
| Download of Excel format | Excel file |
REFERENCE INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| Guidance used for the classification (External link) | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| UN GHS document (External link) | UN GHS document |
| Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) | Definitions/Abbreviations |
| Model Label by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
| Model SDS by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
| OECD/eChemPortal (External link) | eChemPortal |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Explosives | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule. |
| 2 | Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 3 | Aerosols | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Not aerosol products. |
| 4 | Oxidizing gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 5 | Gases under pressure | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 6 | Flammable liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 7 | Flammable solids | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | It is written that it is combustible (ICSC(J) (2004)), but the classification is not possible due to no data. |
| 8 | Self-reactive substances and mixtures | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties. |
| 9 | Pyrophoric liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 10 | Pyrophoric solids | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
| 11 | Self-heating substances and mixtures | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
| 12 | Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At). |
| 13 | Oxidizing liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 14 | Oxidizing solids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | The substance is an organic compound containing oxygen (but not fluorine or chlorine) which is chemically bonded only to carbon or hydrogen. |
| 15 | Organic peroxides | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule |
| 16 | Corrosive to metals | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available. |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Oral) | Category 4 |
 Warning |
H302 |
P301+P312
P264 P270 P330 P501 |
There are 3 reports of LD50 values for rats: 475 mg/kg (males), 375 mg/kg (females) (PATTY (6th, 2012), ACGIH (7th, 2015)) and 7,500 mg/kg (PATTY (6th, 2012), EPA RED (1992)). Since two cases correspond to Category 4 and one case corresponds to "Not classified," this substance was classified in Category 4, which has the largest number of cases. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Dermal) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | Based on an LD50 value of 20,000 mg/kg (not lethal) for rabbits (PATTY (6th, 2012)), this substance was classified as "Not classified." |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition) |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 2 | Skin corrosion/irritation | Category 2 |
Warning |
H315 |
P302+P352
P332+P313 P362+P364 P264 P280 P321 |
In a test using rabbits given 500 mg of this substance by applying to the skin, mild irritation was observed (ACGIH (2015)). Also, this substance was irritating to the skin in humans (ACGIH (2001), PATTY (6th, 2012)). Therefore, this substance was classified in Category 2. |
| 3 | Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Category 1 |
 Danger |
H318 |
P305+P351+P338
P280 P310 |
In an eye irritation test applying 100 mg of this substance to the rabbit eyes, severe irritation was observed (PATTY (6th, 2012)). Also, eye irritation and corrosion in humans are reported (PATTY (6th, 2012)). Therefore, this substance was classified in Category 1. |
| 4 | Respiratory sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 4 | Skin sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 5 | Germ cell mutagenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - |
Classification not possible due to lack of data. There are no in vivo data. As for in vitro data, the bacterial reverse mutation test was negative (PATTY (6th, 2012), NTP DB (Access on June 2016)). |
| 6 | Carcinogenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 7 | Reproductive toxicity | Category 2 |
 Warning |
H361 |
P308+P313
P201 P202 P280 P405 P501 |
In an 18-week continuous breeding study using mice administered by the oral route (in drinking water), it is reported that, at the high dose of 2,000 ppm (approx. 275 mg/kg/day) group, an increase in kidney weight and in abnormal sperm count was observed in F1 parent animals, and a decrease in the number of live fetuses and live female pups was observed in F2 animals (ACGIH (7th, 2015), PATTY (6th, 2012)). Therefore, this substance was classified in Category 2. |
| 8 | Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure | Category 1 (nervous system), Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation) |
Danger Warning |
H370
H335 |
P308+P311
P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501 P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312 |
This substance binds to calcium in the blood, leading to hypocalcemia, affecting the nervous system (ACGIH (7th, 2015)). In humans, signs and symptoms including burning pain in the throat and stomach; esophageal erosion; nausea; vomiting; severe hypotension; weak and irregular pulse; headaches; weakness; convulsions; coma; and death by accidental or intentional ingestion of this substance are reported (ACGIH (7th, 2001, 2015), PATTY (6th, 2012)). Also, it is described that irritation of the respiratory tract and ulceration of mucous membranes are produced by inhalation of this substance (HSDB (Access on June 2016)). From the above, this substance was classified in Category 1 (nervous system) and Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation). In the previous classification, this substance was classified in Category 2 (respiratory organs) based on a description that respiratory tract corrosion and pulmonary oedemas by inhalation of this substance were pointed out in humans (ICSC(J) (1996)). However, ICSC is listed as List 3 in the current GHS classification guidance for the Japanese Government, therefore, the classification was revised. |
| 9 | Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure | Category 1 (urinary system) |
Danger |
H372 |
P260
P264 P270 P314 P501 |
As for humans, in Norwegian railroad workers (393, male) who responded in questionnaires regarding the prevalence of urinary stones, the reports of urinary stone colic increased depending on the categorization of exposure concentrations (ACGIH (7th, 2015), PATTY (6th, 2012)). There is no information on experimental animals. Therefore, this substance was classified in Category 1 (urinary system). |
| 10 | Aspiration hazard | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) | Category 3 |
- |
H402 |
P273
P501 |
From 48-hour EC50 = 15 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Environment Agency in Japan (Environment Agency, 1998)), it was classified in Category 3. |
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) | Category 3 |
- |
H412 |
P273
P501 |
If chronic toxicity data are used, then it is classified as "Not classified" due to being not rapidly degradable (a degradation rate by BOD: 37 % (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration Results of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1993)), 72-hour NOEC (r) = 9.4 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata), and 21-day NOEC (reproduction) = 9.3 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (both Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Environment Agency in Japan (Environment Agency, 1998)). If acute toxicity data are used for a trophic level for which chronic toxicity data are not obtained, then it is classified in Category 3 due to being not rapidly degradable (a degradation rate by BOD: 37 % (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration Results of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1993)), and 96-hour LC50 = 27 mg/L for fish (Oryzias latipes) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Environment Agency in Japan (Environment Agency, 1998)). It was classified in Category 3 by drawing a comparison between the above results. |
| 12 | Hazardous to the ozone layer | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
NOTE:
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* A blank or "-" in a cell of classification denotes that the classification of the hazard class was not conducted. * Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement will show when hovering the mouse over a code of Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement. Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement are also provided in the Excel file. * Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users. * This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice. * The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users. * Codes assigned to each of the hazard statements and codes for each of the precautionary statement are based on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) in United Nations. |