GHS Classification Result
GENERAL INFORMATION
REFERENCE INFORMATION
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
NOTE:
GENERAL INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| CAS RN | 17194-00-2 |
| Chemical Name | Barium hydroxide |
| Substance ID | H28-B-006, C-009B |
| Classification year (FY) | FY2016 |
| Ministry who conducted the classification | Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE) |
| New/Revised | Revised |
| Classification result in other fiscal year | FY2006 |
| Download of Excel format | Excel file |
REFERENCE INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| Guidance used for the classification (External link) | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| UN GHS document (External link) | UN GHS document |
| Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) | Definitions/Abbreviations |
| Model Label by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
| Model SDS by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
| OECD/eChemPortal (External link) | eChemPortal |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Explosives | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule. |
| 2 | Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 3 | Aerosols | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Not aerosol products. |
| 4 | Oxidizing gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 5 | Gases under pressure | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 6 | Flammable liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 7 | Flammable solids | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is not combustible (GESTIS (Access on May 2016)). |
| 8 | Self-reactive substances and mixtures | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties. |
| 9 | Pyrophoric liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 10 | Pyrophoric solids | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is not combustible (GESTIS (Access on May 2016)). |
| 11 | Self-heating substances and mixtures | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is not combustible (GESTIS (Access on May 2016)). |
| 12 | Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is estimated that it does not react vigorously with water due to the observation result of water solubility (4.91 g/100 g (25 deg C), Lide (84th, 2003)). |
| 13 | Oxidizing liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 14 | Oxidizing solids | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | It is an inorganic compound containing oxygen, but the classification is not possible due to no data. |
| 15 | Organic peroxides | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | It is an inorganic compound. |
| 16 | Corrosive to metals | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available. |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Oral) | Category 4 |
 Warning |
H302 |
P301+P312
P264 P270 P330 P501 |
Based on the LD50 value of 308 mg/kg for rats (HSDB (Access on May 2016)), it was classified in Category 4. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Dermal) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition) |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition) |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 2 | Skin corrosion/irritation | Category 2 |
Warning |
H315 |
P302+P352
P332+P313 P362+P364 P264 P280 P321 |
It is described that aqueous solution of barium hydroxide is strongly alkaline and, therefore, indicates corrosive properties (CICAD 33 (2001)). However, in the same CICAD, it is also described that barium hydroxide is irritating to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract (CICAD 33 (2001)) and indicates irritation of the skin (ACGIH (7th, 2001)). From the above, it was classified in Category 2. The category was changed along with the revision of information sources. |
| 3 | Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Category 2A |
Warning |
H319 |
P305+P351+P338
P337+P313 P264 P280 |
Based on a description that barium hydroxide is strongly alkaline in aqueous solution, and causes severe burns to the eyes (ACGIH (7th, 2001)), it was classified in Category 2A. The category was changed along with the revision of information sources. |
| 4 | Respiratory sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 4 | Skin sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 5 | Germ cell mutagenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 6 | Carcinogenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - |
There is no information on the carcinogenicity of this substance itself. However, as described in the same hazard class on the GHS classification of barium (CAS RN 7440-39-3), the EPA classified barium and its compounds as Group D or NL (IRIS (1998)) and ACGIH assigned an A4 to barium and its soluble compounds (ACGIH (7th, 2001)) based on results from animal tests using barium chloride dihydrate. Therefore, this substance was also classified as "Classification not possible" based on the classifications by other organizations. |
| 7 | Reproductive toxicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 8 | Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure | Category 1 (nervous system, cardiovascular system, muscular system, kidney, gastrointestinal tract), Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation) |
 Danger Warning |
H370
H335 |
P308+P311
P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501 P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312 |
In humans, it is reported that adverse effects of soluble barium compounds by oral intake or inhalation are gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, colic, and diarrhea), myocardial and muscular stimulation, and hypokalemia. It is reported that severe cases include general muscular paralysis, and death from respiratory arrest or ventricular fibrillation (ACGIH (7th, 2001)). Additionally, it is written that accidental or intentional ingestion of soluble barium compounds at high concentrations causes gastroenteritis (vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain), hypokalemia, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, skeletal muscle paralysis and renal failure (CICAD 33 (2001), ATSDR (2007)). It is reported that barium oxide and barium hydroxide irritate the respiratory tract (CICAD 33 (2001)). From the above, it was classified in Category 1 (nervous system, cardiovascular system, muscular system, kidney, gastrointestinal tract), and Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation). |
| 9 | Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure | Category 1 (cardiovascular system, nervous system, muscular system, kidney) |
Danger |
H372 |
P260
P264 P270 P314 P501 |
There is no information on this substance. However, it is said that the toxicity of barium and barium compounds depends largely on the solubility, and that the toxicity is inhibitory effects on the potassium channel by the barium ions (ATSDR (2007)). Barium ions and soluble compounds of barium (notably barium chloride, barium nitrate, and barium hydroxide) are toxic to humans. Although barium carbonate is relatively insoluble in water, it is toxic to humans because it is soluble in the gastrointestinal tract. The insoluble barium compounds (notably barium sulfate) are inefficient sources of barium ions and are, thus, generally nontoxic to humans (ATSDR (2007)). Therefore, this substance is also thought to exhibit a similar target organ as soluble barium compounds do. It is reported that incidences of hypertension, heart disease, and stroke increased in a population of neighborhood who ingested drinking water containing water soluble barium such as barium chloride, and that an increase in mortality due to heart diseases such as vascular disorder and arteriosclerosis was observed in other similar groups (ATSDR (2007)). As for the inhalation route, increase in the incidence of elevated blood pressure is reported among workers exposed to soluble barium (mean 1.07 g/m3) caused by blending and grinding of several grades of barium at a mineral processing facility (CICAD 33 (2001)). As for the effects of soluble barium compounds on humans, as an acute effect, it is regarded that gastroenteritis (vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain), hypopotassemia, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, and skeletal muscle paralysis may be caused by the intake of the high concentrations (CICAD 33 (2001)). Additionally, in humans there are only a few reports of renal failure and renal insufficiency occurring as acute barium poisoning. However, as for experimental animals, in 13-week or 2-year studies on barium dichloride or its dihydrate using rats or mice administered by drinking water, death cases attributed to nephropathy were observed at doses above Category 2 (converted guidance value as barium dichloride: 271-803 mg/kg/day) in both species, and it is described that the kidneys are the most sensitive target organ in the experimental animals (ATSDR (2007)). Therefore, it is thought that the kidneys are one of the target organs in humans. From the above, the substance was classified in Category 1 (cardiovascular system, nervous system, muscular system, kidney) since it was thought that the effects of soluble barium compounds including this substance might occur in the cardiovascular system, nervous system, muscular system and kidneys in high probability. |
| 10 | Aspiration hazard | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
| 12 | Hazardous to the ozone layer | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
NOTE:
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* A blank or "-" in a cell of classification denotes that the classification of the hazard class was not conducted. * Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement will show when hovering the mouse over a code of Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement. Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement are also provided in the Excel file. * Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users. * This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice. * The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users. * Codes assigned to each of the hazard statements and codes for each of the precautionary statement are based on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) in United Nations. |