GHS Classification Result

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GENERAL INFORMATION
Item Information
CAS RN 1312-43-2
Chemical Name Indium oxide
Substance ID H28-B-002, C-002B
Classification year (FY) FY2016
Ministry who conducted the classification Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year FY2006  
Download of Excel format Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION
Item Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link) GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
UN GHS document (External link) UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link) eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable
-
-
- -  There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable
-
-
- -  Solid (GHS definition).
3 Aerosols Not applicable
-
-
- -  Not aerosol products.
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable
-
-
- -  Solid (GHS definition).
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable
-
-
- -  Solid (GHS definition).
6 Flammable liquids Not applicable
-
-
- -  Solid (GHS definition).
7 Flammable solids Classification not possible
-
-
- -  It is estimated to be not combustible, but the classification is not possible due to no data.
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable
-
-
- -  There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not applicable
-
-
- -  Solid (GHS definition).
10 Pyrophoric solids Classification not possible
-
-
- -  It is estimated to be not combustible, but the classification is not possible due to no data.
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible
-
-
- -  It is estimated to be not combustible, but the classification is not possible due to no data.
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Classification not possible
-
-
- -  No data available.
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable
-
-
- -  Solid (GHS definition).
14 Oxidizing solids Classification not possible
-
-
- -  It is an inorganic compound containing oxygen, but the classification is not possible due to no data.
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable
-
-
- -  It is an inorganic compound.
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible
-
-
- -  Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Not classified
-
-
- -  Based on the report of an LD 50 value of > 10,000 mg/kg (PATTY, (6th, 2012)) for rats, this substance was classified as "Not classified."
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Classification not possible
-
-
- -  Classification not possible due to lack of data.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable
-
-
- -  Solid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Not applicable
-
-
- -  Solid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Classification not possible
-
-
- -  Classification not possible due to lack of data.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Classification not possible
-
-
- -  Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, it is described that indium and indium compounds are irritating to the skin (HSDB (Access on June 2016)). Since the information source is listed in List 3, and the original literature cannot be confirmed, this information was not adopted.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2B
-
Warning
H320 P305+P351+P338
P337+P313
P264
 It is described that indium irritates the eyes and the respiratory tract, and causes coughs and shortness of breath by inhalation (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013)). Therefore, this substance was classified in Category 2B.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible
-
-
- -  Classification not possible due to lack of data.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible
-
-
- -  Classification not possible due to lack of data.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Classification not possible
-
-
- -  Classification not possible due to lack of data. No in vivo data is available. As for in vitro data, it was reported a bacterial reversion mutation test was negative (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013)).
6 Carcinogenicity Category 1B


Danger
H350 P308+P313
P201
P202
P280
P405
P501
 No data is available regarding carcinogenicity in humans. As for experimental animals, in an inhalation exposure carcinogenicity test in which both rats or mice were exposed to indium tin oxide (ITO), containing 90.06% of indium oxide and 9.74% of tin oxide, at concentrations of 0.01 - 0.1 mg/m3 for 2 years (26 weeks only for rats in a high concentration group due to lung injury), in mice, no carcinogenic response occurred. As for rats, however, increases in the incidences of lung tumors such as bronchiolar-alveolar adenomas and carcinomas were observed in both males and females (OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 2013), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013)). Also, in a test in which rats or mice were exposed to indium phosphide by inhalation at concentrations of 0.03 - 0.3 mg/m3, for 2 years for the low-concentration groups and for 21 - 22 weeks for the medium- and high-concentration groups (shortened due to lung injury), bronchiolar-alveolar adenoma and carcinomas were observed in both rats and mice. In addition, increases in the incidences of pheochromocytomas of the adrenal gland, mononuclear cell leukemia, tumors of the skin and the mammary gland were observed in rats; and the incidences of liver tumors were significantly increased in mice (OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 2013)), NTP TR499 (2001), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol. 11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013)).
 As the classifications by other organizations, IARC classified indium phosphide in Group 2A (IARC 86 (2006)), and the Japan Society For Occupational Health classified hardly soluble inorganic indium compounds in Group 2A (Recommendation of Occupational Exposure Limits (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 2015)). Therefore, this substance was classified in Category 1B for this hazard class.
 Besides, because the classifications by other organizations were published after the previous classification, the classification result changed this time.
7 Reproductive toxicity Classification not possible
-
-
- -  Classification not possible due to lack of data.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Classification not possible
-
-
- -  Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, although in the Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013), indium is described as irritant to the respiratory tract, it was quoted from ICSC, and the original literature could not be confirmed. Also it is not clear whether this is a description concerning only metallic indium or a description concerning indium compounds in general.
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (respiratory organs)


Danger
H372 P260
P264
P270
P314
P501
 As for humans, in Japan, there are case reports of interstitial pneumonitis and fibrosis and investigation reports showing increases in KL-6, SP-D and SP-A values, which are indicators of interstitial pneumonitis, in workers at the manufacturing and processing plants of indium tin compounds (ITO), recycling plants of indium and indium oxide manufacturing plants; and it has been clarified that lung diseases, mostly interstitial pneumonitis, occur due to exposure to ITO or indium oxide (OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 2013)).
 As for experimental animals, in a 13-week inhalation exposure test using rats, effects in the lungs (infiltration of alveolar macrophages, alveolar proteinosis, hyperplasia of alveolar epithelium, etc.) were observed at 1 mg/m3 (converted guidance value: 0.00072 mg/L), which is equivalent to Category 1. However, for the oral route, in a 3-month administration toxicity study using rats dosed by feeding, no toxic effects were observed even at a dose equivalent to 4,000 mg/kg/day (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013)).
 Besides, in the previous classification, in addition to respiratory organs, the skeleton and digestive system were determined as target organs, based on the information that the TLV-TWA for indium and its compounds was set based on the skeletal and gastrointestinal effects, and particularly pulmonary toxicity by inhalation into the lungs in ACGIH (7th, 2001). However, this was based on a "Preliminary Investigation" on exposure to indium compounds by the EPA. As it was a preliminary investigation and is also considered to have low reliability due to no information other than the symptom names based on complaints, etc., it was not adopted as the evidence for the classification.
 Therefore, this substance was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs).
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible
-
-
- -  Classification not possible due to lack of data.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Classification not possible
-
-
- -  No data available.
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Classification not possible
-
-
- -  No data available.
12 Hazardous to the ozone layer Classification not possible
-
-
- -  No data available.


NOTE:
* A blank or "-" in a cell of classification denotes that the classification of the hazard class was not conducted.
* Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement will show when hovering the mouse over a code of Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement.
Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement are also provided in the Excel file.
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government,
and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.
* Codes assigned to each of the hazard statements and codes for each of the precautionary statement are
based on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) in United Nations.

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