GHS Classification Result
GENERAL INFORMATION
REFERENCE INFORMATION
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
NOTE:
GENERAL INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| CAS RN | 75-00-3 |
| Chemical Name | Chloroethane |
| Substance ID | H27-B-049/C-085B_P |
| Classification year (FY) | FY2015 |
| Ministry who conducted the classification | Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE) |
| New/Revised | Revised |
| Classification result in other fiscal year | FY2014 FY2006 |
| Download of Excel format | Excel file |
REFERENCE INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| Guidance used for the classification (External link) | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| UN GHS document (External link) | UN GHS document |
| Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) | Definitions/Abbreviations |
| Model Label by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
| Model SDS by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
| OECD/eChemPortal (External link) | eChemPortal |
| Hazard class | Classification | Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Explosives | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Gas (GHS definition) |
| 2 | Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) | Category 1 |
 Danger |
H220 | P210 P377 P381 P403 |
It is classified in Division 2.1 (UN 1037) in UNRTDG. |
| 3 | Aerosols | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Not aerosol products. |
| 4 | Oxidizing gases | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is flammable gases of Division 2.1 in UNRTDG. |
| 5 | Gases under pressure | Liquefied gas |
 Warning |
H280 | P410+P403 | Because a critical temperature of 187 deg C (HSDB (Access on August 2015)) is above 65 deg C, it was classified as liquefied gas (low pressure liquefied gas). |
| 6 | Flammable liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Gas (GHS definition) |
| 7 | Flammable solids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Gas (GHS definition) |
| 8 | Self-reactive substances and mixtures | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Gas (GHS definition) |
| 9 | Pyrophoric liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Gas (GHS definition) |
| 10 | Pyrophoric solids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Gas (GHS definition) |
| 11 | Self-heating substances and mixtures | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Gas (GHS definition) |
| 12 | Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Gas (GHS definition) |
| 13 | Oxidizing liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Gas (GHS definition) |
| 14 | Oxidizing solids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Gas (GHS definition) |
| 15 | Organic peroxides | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Gas (GHS definition) |
| 16 | Corrosive to metals | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Test methods applicable to gas substances are not available. |
| Hazard class | Classification | Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Oral) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Gas (GHS definition) |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Dermal) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Gas (GHS definition) |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | There are reports that an LC50 value (4 hours) for rats was > 19,000 ppm (SIDS (2007)), and LC50 values (2 hours) for rats were 57,600 ppm (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 40,305 ppm) (PATTY (6th, 2012), DFGOT Vol.3 (1992), IARC 52 (1991)), 57,600 ppm (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 40,305 ppm) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.4 (Ministry of the Environment, 2005)), 60,632 ppm (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 42,873 ppm) (ACGIH (7th, 2001)) and 57,600-60,632 ppm (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005)). The category cannot be specified by the 4-hour value, but since all of the 2-hour values correspond to "Not classified," it was classified as "Not classified." |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Gas (GHS definition) |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Gas (GHS definition) |
| 2 | Skin corrosion/irritation | Category 2 |
 Warning |
H315 | P302+P352 P332+P313 P362+P364 P264 P280 P321 |
There is a report that edema was observed in the subcutaneous tissues as a result of an application of this substance to rats (SIDS (2007)). In addition, there is a report of skin irritation in humans exposed to the vapor of this substance (SIDS (2007), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005)). From the above, it was classified in Category 2. |
| 3 | Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Category 2 |
Warning |
H319 | P305+P351+P338 P337+P313 P264 P280 |
There is a report that corneal opacity was observed as a result of an application of this substance to the eyes of rabbits (SIDS (2007)), but the degree of irritation is unknown. There is a report of eye irritation in humans exposed to the vapor of this substance (SIDS (2007), Initial Risk Assessment (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005)), and a description that this substance is irritating to the eyes (ACGIH (7th, 2001)). From the above, it was classified in Category 2. |
| 4 | Respiratory sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 4 | Skin sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, there is a report that a sensitization reaction was observed as a result of a patch test of this substance in two volunteers (SIDS (2007), ATSDR (1998)). However, this was judged as insufficient data to be used for classification because the details are unknown. |
| 5 | Germ cell mutagenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | The substance was classified as "Classification not possible" because it was not possible to classify a substance as "Not classified" according to the revised GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government. As for in vivo, a micronucleus test and a chromosomal aberration test with mouse bone marrow cells were negative, and an unscheduled DNA synthesis test with mouse liver was negative (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.4 (Ministry of the Environment, 2005), SIDS (2007), IARC 71 (1999), ACGIH (7th, 2001), ATSDR (1998), PATTY (6th, 2012)). As for in vitro, bacterial reverse mutation tests and a mammalian cell gene mutation test were positive, and DNA damage and repair tests with cultured liver cells of rats and mice were negative (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.4 (Ministry of the Environment, 2005), SIDS (2007), IARC 71 (1999), ACGIH (7th, 2001), ATSDR (1998), DFGOT Vol.3 (1992)). |
| 6 | Carcinogenicity | Category 2 |
 Warning |
H351 | P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501 |
There is no information on carcinogenicity in humans. As for experimental animals, in carcinogenicity studies in which rats and mice were exposed by inhalation at 15,000 ppm for 2 years, in rats, a slight increase in the incidence of skin tumors (male), and development (female, a few cases) of neuroglial cell tumors which are rare tumors were found, and in mice, an increase (male) in the incidence of alveolar/bronchiolar tumors, an increase (female) in the incidence of hepatocellular tumors, and an increase in uterine carcinomas were observed. Based on these results of carcinogenicity studies in experimental animals, ACGIH classified it in A3 in 1995 (ACGIH (7th, 2001)). On the other hand, IARC reassessed carcinogenicity of this substance in humans in 1999 and classified it in Group 3, stating that there is no data available in humans, and there is limited evidence in experimental animals (IARC 71 (1999)). Other than these, although the year of the classification cannot be specified, it was classified in Carc.2 in EU CLP classification (ECHA 2014 CMR Report (ECHA (Access on August 2015))). From the above, although the interpretation of the carcinogenicity test results in the experimental animals is different by the organization, the classification results by ACGIH and EU were adopted, and it was classified in Category 2 for this hazard class. |
| 7 | Reproductive toxicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | There is a report that as a result of inhalation exposure to the vapour of this substance in pregnant mice on gestational day 6-15 at 5,000 ppm (13,000 mg/m3), there was no maternal toxicity, and in fetuses, delayed ossification of the skull bones and a minimum increase in the incidence of supernumerary ribs were observed (SIDS (2007), ACGIH (7th, 2001)). However, these effects were too slight to classify as developmental toxicity effects according to the GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government, and fetal toxicity was not observed in other developmental toxicity tests with rats and mice by the inhalation route (SIDS (2007)). On the other hand, there is no result from a test in which sexual function and fertility are evaluated. Therefore, it was classified as "Classification not possible" because there are no data available for classification as a whole. |
| 8 | Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure | Category 1 (respiratory organs, heart), Category 2 (liver), Category 3 (narcotic effects) |
Danger Warning |
H370 H371 H336 |
P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501 P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312 |
This substance is irritating to the respiratory tract (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.4 (Ministry of the Environment, 2005), SIDS (2007), ACGIH (7th, 2001), IARC 52 (1991), NTP TR 346 (1989), ATSDR (1998)). As for humans, it was used as an anesthetic in the past. There are reports of narcotic effects, a feeling of drunkenness, headaches, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, incoordination, loss of consciousness, central nervous system effects, hyporeflexia, stupor, stomach cramps, respiratory and cardiac disorders, lack of muscle coordination, arrhythmia, asystole, ventricular fibrillation, systolic dysfunction, myocardial depression, cardiac sensitization, tachypnea, respiratory paralysis, and respiratory failure by inhalation exposure (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.4 (Ministry of the Environment, 2005), SIDS (2007), ACGIH (7th, 2001), IARC 52 (1991), NTP TR 346 (1989), ATSDR (1998), DFGOT Vol.3 (1992), PATTY (6th, 2012)). As for experimental animals, in an inhalation exposure in guinea pigs at 20,000 ppm (corresponding to Category 2), unsteady gait, stagnation, dizziness, congestion and haemorrhage of the lung, pulmonary edema, congestion of the liver, hepatic edema, and histopathological changes (survival cases) of the liver were observed (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005), ACGIH (7th, 2001), ATSDR (1998), DFGOT Vol.3 (1992)). Since effects on the central nervous system in humans are associated with narcotic effects (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005)), the central nervous system was not adopted as the specific target organ. From the above, this substance affects the respiratory organs, heart and liver in addition to respiratory tract irritation and narcotic effects. Therefore, it was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs, heart), Category 2 (liver), Category 3 (narcotic effects). Besides, as for the kidney described in the previous classification, it was not adopted due to the doses exceeding Category 2. |
| 9 | Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure | Category 1 (nervous system) |
Danger |
H372 | P260 P264 P270 P314 P501 |
As for humans, there is a description that neurological symptoms (ataxia, tremors, speech difficulties, slowed reflexes, nystagmus, hallucinations), and swelling and tenderness of the liver were observed in a woman who abused 200-300 mL/day of this substance by inhalation for 4 months (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.4 (Ministry of the Environment, 2005), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005), PATTY (6th, 2012)). In addition, there is a description that neurological symptoms (short-term memory loss, visual hallucinations, lower limb neuropathy) were observed in a man who inhaled approximately 100 mL of this substance every day for 4 months, but there was no description of the effects on the liver (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.4 (Ministry of the Environment, 2005), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005), PATTY (6th, 2012)). On the other hand, as for experimental animals, although there are reports of tests with rats, mice, rabbits and dogs exposed to this substance by inhalation for 2-26 weeks, only an increase in relative liver weight was observed at the doses (4,000-19,000 ppm/6 hr) far beyond Category 2, and there were no findings by which target organs could be identified (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.4 (Ministry of the Environment, 2005), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005)). From the above, the onset of neurological symptoms due to exposure to this substance in humans is considered to be certain, but as for effects on the liver, there was a finding only in one case, and it was considered that since the information on it was insufficient, the liver could not be adopted as the target organ. Therefore, it was classified in Category 1 (nervous system) for this hazard class. |
| 10 | Aspiration hazard | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Gas (GHS definition) |
| Hazard class | Classification | Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) | Category 3 |
- |
H402 | P273 P501 |
From 48-hour EC50 = 58 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (SIDS, 2003, Initial Risk Assessment (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005)), it was classified in Category 3. |
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) | Category 3 |
- |
H412 | P273 P501 |
Reliable chronic toxicity data were not obtained. Due to being not rapidly degradable (a degradation rate by BOD: 1% (Official Bulletin of Ministry of International Trade and Industry, 1991)), and acute toxicity Category 3, it was classified in Category 3. |
| 12 | Hazardous to the ozone layer | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
NOTE:
| * A blank or "-" in a cell of classification denotes that the classification of the hazard class was not conducted. * Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement will show when hovering the mouse over a code of Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement. Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement are also provided in the Excel file. * Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users. * This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice. * The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users. * Codes assigned to each of the hazard statements and codes for each of the precautionary statement are based on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) in United Nations. |