Item | Information |
---|---|
CAS RN | 13530-65-9 |
Chemical Name | Zinc chromate |
Substance ID | H26-B-144, R-090 |
Classification year (FY) | FY2014 |
Ministry who conducted the classification | Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE) |
New/Revised | Revised |
Classification result in other fiscal year | FY2006 |
Download of Excel format | Excel file |
Item | Information |
---|---|
Guidance used for the classification (External link) | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition) |
UN GHS document (External link) | UN GHS document |
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) | Definitions/Abbreviations |
Model Label by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
Model SDS by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
OECD/eChemPortal (External link) | eChemPortal |
Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Explosives | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule. |
2 | Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
3 | Aerosols | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Not aerosol products. |
4 | Oxidizing gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
5 | Gases under pressure | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
6 | Flammable liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
7 | Flammable solids | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is not combustible (ICSC (2012)). |
8 | Self-reactive substances and mixtures | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties. |
9 | Pyrophoric liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
10 | Pyrophoric solids | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is not combustible (ICSC (2012)). |
11 | Self-heating substances and mixtures | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is not combustible (ICSC (2012)). |
12 | Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases | Not classified |
- |
- | - | Because the observation result of being insoluble in water (ICSC (2012)) was obtained, it is estimated that it does not react vigorously with water. |
13 | Oxidizing liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
14 | Oxidizing solids | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | It is an inorganic compound containing oxygen (but not halogen). Because it is a chromate, it is estimated to be oxidizing, but the classification is not possible due to no data. |
15 | Organic peroxides | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | It is an inorganic compound. |
16 | Corrosive to metals | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available. |
Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Acute toxicity (Oral) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
1 | Acute toxicity (Dermal) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition) |
1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition) |
1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
2 | Skin corrosion/irritation | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, although there are no concrete test reports, etc., there are many reports describing that hexavalent chromium compounds were corrosive (EU-RAR (2005), DFGOT vol. 3 (1992), OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 1989)). |
3 | Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, although there are no concrete test reports, etc., there are many reports describing that hexavalent chromium compounds were corrosive (EU-RAR (2005), DFGOT vol. 3 (1992), OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 1989)). |
4 | Respiratory sensitization | Category 1 |
Danger |
H334 |
P304+P340
P342+P311 P261 P284 P501 |
The Japan Society for Occupational Health (JSOH) classified chromium compounds in occupational sensitizers to the airway Group 2. Although this substance is not specified in this classification, there is a description in OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 1989) that hexavalent chromium compounds are more toxic than divalent and trivalent compounds. In addition, there is a description that chromium compounds caused asthma (ATSDR (2012), EU-RAR (2005)). From the above, it was classified in Category 1. |
4 | Skin sensitization | Category 1 |
Warning |
H317 |
P302+P352
P333+P313 P362+P364 P261 P272 P280 P321 P501 |
Chromium compounds including this substance were classified in occupational skin sensitizers Group 1 by Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH) (Recommendation of Occupational Exposure Limits (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 2014)). Although this substance is not specified in this classification, there is a description that hexavalent chromium compounds are more toxic than divalent or trivalent compounds in the OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 1989). In addition, there were many reports of contact dermatitis in workers who handled this substance (DFGOT vol. 15 (2001)). Moreover, although it is not information limited to this substance, there is a description that hexavalent chromium compounds were sensitizing to the skin (EU-RAR (2005), ATSDR (2012), PATTY (6th, 2012)). From the above, it was classified in Category 1. |
5 | Germ cell mutagenicity | Category 2 |
Warning |
H341 |
P308+P313
P201 P202 P280 P405 P501 |
There are no in vivo data. As for in vitro, it was positive in bacterial reverse mutation tests, a gene mutation test, a chromosomal aberration test and a sister chromatid exchange test with cultured mammalian cells (IARC 49 (1990)). This substance is water-insoluble and in vivo mutagenicity information on water-insoluble Cr (VI) compounds was not obtained. This substance is a water-insoluble hexavalent chromium compound and it was classified in Category 2 according to the classification of other water-insoluble hexavalent chromium compounds. The previous classification was changed. |
6 | Carcinogenicity | Category 1A |
Danger |
H350 |
P308+P313
P201 P202 P280 P405 P501 |
Since it was classified in Group 1 (as chromium (VI)) by IARC (IARC (1990)), as A1 (as chromium (VI) compound) by ACGIH (ACGIH (7th, 2001)), as K (as hexavalent chromium compound) by NTP (NTP RoC (2014)) and in Group 1 (as chromium compound (hexavalent)) by Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH) (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 1989), it was classified in Category 1A. In addition, this substance is classified as "Carc. Cat. 2; R45" in EU DSD classification, and as "Carc. 1B H350" in EU CLP classification. |
7 | Reproductive toxicity | Category 2 |
Warning |
H361 |
P308+P313
P201 P202 P280 P405 P501 |
There are no data on this substance. As for reproductive toxicity of chromium (VI), potassium dichromate (CAS: 7778-50-9) and potassium chromate (CAS: 7789-00-6), water-soluble substances, were classified in Category 1B. Because this substance is insoluble in water, it was hard to say that it caused obvious reproductive effects on experimental animals. Therefore, it was classified in Category 2. Besides, chromium and its compounds were classified in reproductive toxicants Group 3 (provisional) (correspond to Category 2) in Recommendation of Occupational Exposure Limits (2014) by Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH). However, because the classification of Recommendation of Occupational Exposure Limits was in a provisional period, it was not adopted. |
8 | Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure | Category 1 (central nervous system, respiratory organs, cardiovascular system, haemal system, liver, kidney) |
Danger |
H370 |
P308+P311
P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501 |
There are no data on this substance. There are reports that respiratory tract irritation, respiratory tract inflammation, nose and chest pain, cough, dyspnea, cyanosis and kidney damage were observed by human inhalation exposure to hexavalent chromium compounds, that vomiting, diarrhea, gastrointestinal tract bleeding, liver necrosis, and renal tubular necrosis in the kidney were observed by human oral exposure, and that severe respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, hematological, hepatic, renal, and neurological effects were reported by an accidental or intentional human ingestion at high-doses (ACGIH (7th, 2001), CICAD 78 (2013), EHC 61 (1988), EU-RAR (2005), ATSDR (2012)). This substance is a hexavalent chromium compound, and it was considered possible to use the toxicity findings of hexavalent chromium compounds for classification of this substance. The findings on the gastrointestinal tract were not adopted because of local irritation. From the above, it was classified in Category 1 (central nervous system, respiratory organs, cardiovascular system, hemal system, liver, kidney). The previous classification was changed. |
9 | Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure | Category 1 (respiratory organs) |
Danger |
H372 |
P260
P264 P270 P314 P501 |
In epidemiological studies in workers occupationally exposed (co-exposure with lead chromate at multiple plants) to this substance at chromium pigment manufacturing plants which were conducted in Norway, UK, USA and Germany, etc., although an increase in the incidence of pulmonary cancer is described in all reports, there was no description of non-neoplastic effects by chronic exposure (ACGIH (7th, 2001)). In addition, there were no reports of clear effects by repeated exposure to this substance in either humans or experimental animals. However, based on multiple reports that the incidence of pulmonary cancer was increased by exposure to this substance alone or co-exposure with lead chromate, "the lung" was considered a target organ. Additionally, in the hazard assessment of a series of hexavalent chromium compounds including this substance, irritation of the respiratory tract and eyes were observed in humans who were exposed occupationally to hexavalent chromium compounds, as a result, it may cause ulcer/perforations in the nasal septum (CICAD 78 (2013)). Based on the above descriptions, this substance was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs) just like other hexavalent chromium compounds. |
10 | Aspiration hazard | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
12 | Hazardous to the ozone layer | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | This substance is not listed in the Annexes to the Montreal Protocol. |
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