Item | Information |
---|---|
CAS RN | 6484-52-2 |
Chemical Name | Ammonium nitrate |
Substance ID | H26-B-115, - |
Classification year (FY) | FY2014 |
Ministry who conducted the classification | Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE) |
New/Revised | Revised |
Classification result in other fiscal year | FY2010 FY2009 FY2006 |
Download of Excel format | Excel file |
Item | Information |
---|---|
Guidance used for the classification (External link) | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition) |
UN GHS document (External link) | UN GHS document |
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) | Definitions/Abbreviations |
Model Label by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
Model SDS by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
OECD/eChemPortal (External link) | eChemPortal |
Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Explosives | Not classified |
- |
- | - | There is a chemical group associated with explosive properties (N-O) present in the molecule, but because a pure substance it is classified in Division 5.1, PG III (UN1942) in UNRTDG, it was classified as "Not classified." Besides, one with more than 0.2% combustible impurities is classified in Division 1.1 (UN0222). Blasting explosive, Type B is also classified as explosives (Division 1.1, UN0082). |
2 | Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
3 | Aerosols | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Not aerosol products. |
4 | Oxidizing gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
5 | Gases under pressure | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
6 | Flammable liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
7 | Flammable solids | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is not combustible (ICSC (2013)). |
8 | Self-reactive substances and mixtures | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | There is a chemical group associated with explosive properties (N-O) present in the molecule, but because it is classified in Division 5.1, PG III (UN1942) in UNRTDG, it was classified as "Not applicable." |
9 | Pyrophoric liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
10 | Pyrophoric solids | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is not combustible (ICSC (2013)). |
11 | Self-heating substances and mixtures | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is not combustible (ICSC (2013)). |
12 | Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At). |
13 | Oxidizing liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
14 | Oxidizing solids | Category 3 |
Warning |
H272 |
P370+P378
P210 P220 P221 P280 P501 |
It is classified in Division 5.1, PG III (UN1942) in UNRTDG. |
15 | Organic peroxides | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | It is an inorganic compound. |
16 | Corrosive to metals | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available. |
Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Acute toxicity (Oral) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | Based on reports of LD50 values of 2,000-2,950 mg/kg (OECD TG 401) (SIDS (2007)) and 4,820 mg/kg (ECETOC TR27 (1988)) for rats, it was classified as "Not classified" (Category 5 in UN GHS classification). |
1 | Acute toxicity (Dermal) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | Based on a report of an LD50 value (OECD TG 402) of > 5,000 mg/kg for rats (SIDS (2007)), it was classified as "Not classified." The new information source (SIDS (2009)) was added, and the category was revised. |
1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition) |
1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition) |
1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | Based on a report of an LC50 value (4 hours) of >88.8 mg/L for rats (SIDS (2009)), it was classified as "Not classified." Besides, because the LC50 value was higher than the saturated vapour concentration (0.003 mg/L), the reference value of a mist was applied. |
2 | Skin corrosion/irritation | Not classified |
- |
- | - | There are multiple reports of skin irritation tests in which this substance was applied to rabbits for 4 hours, and the results were mild irritation or no irritation (SIDS (2009), IUCLID (2000)). From the above results, it was classified as "Not classified" (Category 3 in UN GHS classification). Besides, as for the result of repeated administration, as a result of five 4-hour applications of this substance, scores of erythema and edema were 0.1 and 0 respectively, and the symptoms were reversible (SIDS (2009)). By deleting information outside the List and adding information in SIDS (2009), the category was changed. |
3 | Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Category 2A |
Warning |
H319 |
P305+P351+P338
P337+P313 P264 P280 |
In an eye irritation test in which 100 mg (purity 99.9%) of this substance was applied to rabbits, corneal opacity, iritis and conjunctival redness were observed and corneal opacity and iritis disappeared in all animals 7 days after application. On the other hand, although conjunctival redness did not disappear at 7 days after application, there was a full recovery after 10 days (ECETOC TR 48 (1992)). Additionally, there is a description that this substance was irritating to human eyes (HSDB (Access on September 2014)). From the above results, it was classified in Category 2A. Based on the description of reversibility, it was sub-categorized. |
4 | Respiratory sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
4 | Skin sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
5 | Germ cell mutagenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | As for in vivo, it was negative in a chromosomal aberration test with mouse bone marrow cells (SIDS (2009)). As for in vitro, it was negative in bacterial reverse mutation tests (SIDS (2009), IUCLID (2000), HSDB (Access on September 2014)). From the above, it was classified as "Classification not possible." |
6 | Carcinogenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. Besides, IARC overall evaluated the carcinogenicity of ingested nitrate or nitrite under conditions that result in endogenous nitrosation in Group 2A (IARC vol. 94 (2010)). In the IARC evaluation, it was described that "There is an active endogenous nitrogen cycle in humans that involves nitrate and nitrite, which are interconvertible in vivo. Nitrosating agents that arise from nitrite under acidic gastric conditions react readily with nitrosatable compounds, especially secondary amines and amides, to generate N-nitroso compounds. These nitrosating conditions are enhanced following ingestion of additional nitrate, nitrite or nitrosatable compounds. Some of the N-nitroso compounds that could be formed in humans under these conditions are known carcinogens." It is described in IARC that there is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of nitrate in food and that of nitrate in drinking water (IARC vol. 94 (2010)). There is no carcinogenic classification by international evaluation organizations other than IARC. |
7 | Reproductive toxicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - |
Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, there is a report that, in a teratogenicity test with rats by the oral route, no teratogenicity was observed (SIDS (2009)). However, because the details were unknown, it was not used for evaluation in SIDS (2009). Therefore, it was classified as "Classification not possible." |
8 | Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | There are no reports in which the toxic effects of this substance in humans were observed by the inhalation route and the oral route. Additionally, there are no data in experimental animals. Besides, since the previous classification was based on the findings not on this substance but on sodium nitrate, in this classification, data used in the previous classification were not adopted. From the above, since there was insufficient information for judgment, it was classified as "Classification not possible." |
9 | Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure | Category 1 (haemal system) |
Danger |
H372 |
P260
P264 P270 P314 P501 |
There is a description that, in general, human health concerns about water-soluble nitraten intake include infantile methemoglobinemia as a consequence of nitrite formed by intestinal microbial reduction of nitrate in food and water, and that neonates have an incompletely developed system for methemoglobin reduction and are thus at high risk (ECETOC TR 27 (1988)). And, there is a description that 3 patients who took ammonium nitrate as a diuretic at 10 g/day for 4-5 days developed cyanosis due to methemoglobinemia, and that methemoglobinemia were observed in only 2 out of 268 patients who were treated by administration of ammonium nitrate at 2-9 g/day to prevent renal calculi, and one of the 2 patients was attributed to methemoglobin reductase deficiency (ECETOC TR 27 (1988)). As for experimental animals, although there is a report (SIDS (2009)) that when male rats or guinea pigs were exposed by inhalation to this substance (estimated as the vapour) at 1 mg/m3 for 4 weeks, no hazardous effects on body weight and the respiratory system were observed, but from the converted guidance value (0.0003 mg/L/6 hours), it was a result at a very low concentration corresponding to Category 1, and it was unknown whether any toxicity appeared or not within or lower than the range of Category 2. Additionally, there was no toxicity information on this substance itself. However, regarding the toxicity information on nitrates except ammonium salts, the available findings for classification were obtained. That is, in a test in which rats were dosed with sodium nitrate in the diet for 6 weeks, the abnormal color of the blood and spleen due to methemoglobin was observed at the high concentrations (at or above 100,000 ppm: equivalent to 5,000 mg/kg/day) corresponding to "Not classified" (SIDS (2009)). On the other hand, when rats were dosed with sodium nitrate or sodium nitrite for 14 months at 4,000 mg/L via drinking water, the methemoglobin levels in the blood increased to 1-35% after administration of sodium nitrite while they increased to 0-2% after administration of sodium nitrate (SIDS (2009)). Therefore, it was considered to be a result supporting the hypothesis on humans that methemoglobin level in blood increases due to nitrites produced in the intestinal tract after an oral dose of nitrate (including this substance), which leads to cyanosis (ECETOC TR 27 (1988)). From the above, since there is a risk to cause methemoglobinemia by oral exposure to this substance in humans, especially neonates, it was classified in Category 1 (blood system). |
10 | Aspiration hazard | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) | - |
- |
- | - | - |
11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) | - |
- |
- | - | - |
12 | Hazardous to the ozone layer | - |
- |
- | - | - |
|