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GHS Classification Result

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	7726-95-6
Chemical Name	Bromine
Substance ID	H26-B-113, -
Classification year (FY)	FY2014
Ministry who conducted the classification	Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised	Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year	FY2006
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition)
UN GHS document (External link)	UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file)	Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Explosives	Not applicable	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.
2	Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases)	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
3	Aerosols	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.
4	Oxidizing gases	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
5	Gases under pressure	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
6	Flammable liquids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is not combustible (ICSC (2009)).
7	Flammable solids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not applicable	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is not combustible (ICSC (2009)).
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is not combustible (ICSC (2009)).
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not applicable	- -	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13	Oxidizing liquids	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	It is a halogen substance, but the classification is not possible due to no data. Besides, it is described (ICSC (2009)): it is a strong oxidant and reacts violently with combustible or reducing substances; it reacts most organic and inorganic compounds, causing fire and explosion hazard; it attacks metal, some forms of plastic, rubber, and coatings. However, because it is classified in Class 8, Subsidiary Risk 6.1, PG I (UN1744) in UNRTDG, and Subsidiary Risk 5.1 was not given, it is estimated to correspond to "Not classified."
14	Oxidizing solids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
15	Organic peroxides	Not applicable	- -	-	-	It is an inorganic substance.
16	Corrosive to metals	Category 1	Warning	H290	P234 P390 P406	There are no test data, but because it reacts violently with aluminum, mercury, and titanium (Bretherick (J) (1998)), it was judged to meet the criteria for corrosivity.

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Not classified	- -	-	-	Based on reports of LD50 values of 2,600 mg/kg (IUCLID (2000), HSDB (Access on September 2014)) and 3,100 mg/kg (HSDB (Access on September 2014)) for rats, it was classified as "Not classified" (Category 5 in UN GHS classification). Due to changes in the priority of information sources in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, an LD50 value (1700 mg/kg (RTECS (2004))) in the previous evidence of the classification was replaced with the value in high-priority new information sources (IUCLID (2000), HSDB (Access on September 2014)), and the category was revised.
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Category 2	Danger	H330	P304+P340 P403+P233 P260 P271 P284 P310 P320 P405 P501	Based on reports of LC50 values of 240 ppm (60 minutes) (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 120 ppm) and 240 ppm (90 minutes) (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 155 ppm) for mice (ACGIH (2001)), it was classified in Category 2. Besides, although there is a report of an LC50 value of 750 ppm (9 minutes) (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 46.5 ppm) for mice (ACGIH (2001)), it was not adopted because the exposure time was short. Because the LC50 values were lower than 90% of the saturated vapour concentration (230,010 ppm), the reference value in units of ppm was applied as a vapour without a mist. According to the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, data with an exposure time close to 4 hours were prioritized, and the category was revised.
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Category 1	Danger	H314	P301+P330+P331 P303+P361+P353 P305+P351+P338 P304+P340 P260 P264 P280 P310 P321 P363 P405 P501	There is a description that the vapour of this substance is extremely irritating to the skin of humans (ACGIH (7th, 2001)), and that it damages skin tissue and there is a report that formation of blisters and pustules were observed in humans exposed to this substance (PATTY (6th, 2012)). In addition, although there is a report that it was irritating in rats, details such as test conditions were unknown (IUCLID (2000)). From the above, based on the report of extreme irritation in humans, it was classified in Category 1. Besides, this substance is classified as "C; R35" in the EU DSD classification, and as "Skin Corr. 1A H314" in the EU CLP classification.
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 1	Danger	H318	P305+P351+P338 P280 P310	There are descriptions that this substance is a severe eye irritant (ACGIH (7th, 2001)), and that the vapour of this substance is extremely irritating to human eyes (ACGIH (7th, 2001), HSDB (Access on September 2014)). In addition, this substance was classified in Category 1 for skin corrosion/irritation. From the above results, it was classified in Category 1.
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, although there is a report of respiratory difficulty with symptoms of asthmatic bronchitis in humans (ACGIH (7th, 2001)), details such as the number of cases were unknown, therefore, these data were judged as insufficient for use in classification.
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
6	Carcinogenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
7	Reproductive toxicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (central nervous system, respiratory organs)	Danger	H370	P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501	This substance is extremely irritating to the respiratory tract (OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 1964), ACGIH (7th, 2001), PATTY (6th, 2012)). There were reports that coughing, epistaxis, bronchopneumonia, chemical burns in the lungs, severe injuries in the lungs and trachea, pulmonary edema, headache, dizziness, nausea, respiratory difficulty, photophobia, blepharospasm, abdominal pain and diarrhea occurred by the inhalation exposure to the vapour (ACGIH (7th, 2001), PATTY (6th, 2012), OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 1964)). As for experimental animals, functional central nervous system disturbance, lung edema and hemorrhages of the gastric mucosa were observed by inhalation exposure in rabbits and guinea pigs to 300 ppm (1.96 mg/L) of the vapour (ACGIH (7th, 2001)). These symptoms in experimental animals were observed at a concentration within the range corresponding to Category 1. From the above, this substance was considered to affect the central nervous system and respiratory organs, and it was classified in Category 1 (central nervous system, respiratory organs).
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (nervous system, respiratory organs, endocrine system)	Danger	H372	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	It is described in IPCS that this substance is potentially capable of damage to the respiratory organs (interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, emphysema, airway hyperreactivity) (IPCS PIM 80 (1999)). However, the cited effects on the respiratory organs were considered to be secondary to acute exposure to this substance (Lossos, I.S. et al. (1990), Kraut, A. and Lilith, R. (1988)). On the other hand, as for experimental animals, details were not confirmed because it was hard to obtain the original source, however, there are the following reports of repeated exposure tests by the inhalation and the oral route. It was described that disturbances in the functions of the "respiratory system," "nervous system" and "endocrine system" occurred in an inhalation exposure test in which rats, mice and rabbits were exposed to this substance at 0.2 ppm for 4 months (note: although this finding was described as the exposure at 2 ppm in the ACGIH (7th, 2001), it was determined that 0.2 ppm was incorrectly described as 2 ppm) (PATTY (6th, 2012), ACGIH (7th, 2001)). From the results of this test, assuming exposure to the vapour, the exposure time was unknown due to no description, however, the effect concentration (0.2 ppm=1.3 mg/m3 (0.0013 mg/L)) was clearly considered to be within the guidance value range for Category 1. Moreover, there was a description that altered behavior and lower cholinesterase activity were observed in a test in which rats were given this substance in drinking water for 6 months at a dose corresponding to 0.01 mg/kg (ACGIH (7th, 2001)), therefore, it was considered to be findings supporting effects on the nervous system. From the above, based on hazardous findings on humans and experimental animals, it was classified in Category 1 (nervous system, respiratory organs, endocrine system).
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute)	-	- -	-	-	-
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term)	-	- -	-	-	-
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	-	- -	-	-	-

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.

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