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GHS Classification Result

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	78-78-4
Chemical Name	2-Methylbutane
Substance ID	H26-B-095, R-041
Classification year (FY)	FY2014
Ministry who conducted the classification	Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised	Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year	FY2006
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition)
UN GHS document (External link)	UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file)	Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Explosives	Not applicable	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.
2	Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases)	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
3	Aerosols	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.
4	Oxidizing gases	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
5	Gases under pressure	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
6	Flammable liquids	Category 1	Danger	H224	P303+P361+P353 P370+P378 P403+P235 P210 P233 P240 P241 P242 P243 P280 P501	It was classified in Category 1 based on a flash point of < -51 deg C (closed cup) and a boiling point of 28 deg C (ICSC (1994)). Besides, it is classified in Class 3, PG I (UN1265) in UNRTDG.
7	Flammable solids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not applicable	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is estimated that it does not ignite at normal temperatures from an autoignition temperature of 420 deg C (ICSC (1994)).
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available.
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not applicable	- -	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no oxygen, fluorine or chlorine
14	Oxidizing solids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
15	Organic peroxides	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to gas substances are not available at a test temperature of 55 deg C.

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, although there is a report of an LC50 value (4 hours) of >4,094 ppm for rats (SIDS (2010)), the category could not be specified only with this data. By adding a new information source (SIDS (2010)) and giving priority to the data in rats listed in List 1 according to the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, it was classified as "Classification not possible."
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Not classified	- -	-	-	There is a report that when this substance (0.1-0.3 mL) was applied semi-occlusively to humans (30 subjects) for 24 hours, the primary irritation score was 0.33 and no irritation was observed (SIDS (2010)). On the other hand, although no specific cases were reported, there is a description that it is irritating to the skin of humans (HSDB (Access on September 2014)). From the above results, it was classified as "Not classified" (Category 3 in UN GHS classification). By adding the specific report on humans, the category was changed.
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 2	Warning	H319	P305+P351+P338 P337+P313 P264 P280	Although no specific cases were reported, based on a description that this substance is irritating to the eyes (HSDB (Access on September 2014)), it was classified in Category 2.
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
4	Skin sensitization	Not classified	- -	-	-	There is a description that in a skin sensitization test with guinea pigs (20 animals/group) (OECD TG 406, GLP-compliant), no reaction after the challenge was observed, and it was not sensitizing (SIDS (2010)). From the above result, it was classified as "Not classified." By adding information in List 1, the category was revised.
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	As for in vivo, it was negative in a dominant lethal test with mice and a micronucleus test with rat bone marrow cells (ACGIH (7th, 2014)). As for in vitro, it was negative in bacterial reverse mutation tests and a chromosomal aberration test with cultured mammalian cells (SIDS (2010), ACGIH (7th, 2014), NTP DB (Access on October 2014)). From the above, it was classified as "Classification not possible."
6	Carcinogenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
7	Reproductive toxicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation, narcotic effects)	Warning	H335 H336	P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312 P405 P501	In humans, there are reports of respiratory tract irritation and narcotic effects (ACGIH (7th, 2014), HSDB (Access on September 2014)), of cough, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, shortness of breath and sore throat by inhalation, of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting by oral ingestion, and of unconsciousness or death although exposure route was unknown (ACGIH (7th, 2014), PATTY (5th, 2001), HSDB (Access on September 2014)). As for experimental animals, there is a report that a narcotic effect appeared after inhalation exposure (PATTY (5th, 2001)). From the above, it was classified in Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation, narcotic effects).
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data. There were no findings by repeated exposure with humans. As for experimental animals, although there were results in repeated inhalation exposure tests which were conducted by combined exposure to other hydrocarbon compounds, there was no toxicity information by exposure to only this substance through the inhalation route (SIDS (2010)). In addition, when male rats were administered by gavage for 28 days, although no specific target organ toxicity was detected, it was a test with limited endpoints (focused to renal toxicity) (SIDS (2010), IUCLID (2000)), and it cannot be used for classification.
10	Aspiration hazard	Category 1	Danger	H304	P301+P310 P331 P405 P501	Since it is a hydrocarbon, and the kinematic viscosity was 0.345 mm2/sec. (20 deg C, calculated value by CERI), it was classified in Category 1.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute)	Category 2	- -	H401	P273 P501	It was classified in Category 2 from 48-hour EC50 = 2.3 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (SIDS, 2010).
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term)	Not classified	- -	-	-	Reliable chronic toxicity data were not obtained. Although it was classified in Category 2 in acute toxicity, it was classified as "Not classified" due to rapid degradability (a 28-day degradation rate in a degradation test by OECD TG301F = 71.4% (SIDS, 2010)), and a low bioconcentration estimate (LogPow = 2.72 (PHYSPROP Database, 2009)).
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	This substance is not listed in the Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.

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