NITE - Chemical Management Field

GHS Classification Result

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	142-82-5
Chemical Name	n-Heptane
Substance ID	H26-B-088, R-067
Classification year (FY)	FY2014
Ministry who conducted the classification	Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised	Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year	FY2009 FY2006
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition)
UN GHS document (External link)	UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file)	Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Explosives	Not applicable	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.
2	Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases)	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
3	Aerosols	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.
4	Oxidizing gases	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
5	Gases under pressure	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
6	Flammable liquids	Category 2	Danger	H225	P303+P361+P353 P370+P378 P403+P235 P210 P233 P240 P241 P242 P243 P280 P501	It was classified in Category 2 based on a flash point of -7 deg C (closed cup) and a boiling point of 98 deg C (GESTIS (Access on September 2014)). Besides, it is classified in Class 3, PG II (UN1206) in UNRTDG.
7	Flammable solids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not applicable	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is estimated that it does not ignite at normal temperatures from an autoignition temperature of 285 deg C (ICSC (1997)).
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available.
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not applicable	- -	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no oxygen, fluorine or chlorine
14	Oxidizing solids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
15	Organic peroxides	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Not classified	- -	-	-	Based on an LD50 value of 5,000 mg/kg for mice (IUCLID (2000)), this substance was classified as "Not classified."
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Not classified	- -	-	-	Based on an LD50 value of 3,000 mg/kg for rabbits (IUCLID (2000)), this substance was classified as "Not classified" (Category 5 in UN GHS classification).
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Not classified	- -	-	-	Based on reports of LC50 values (4 hours) of >17,940 ppm (SIDS (2013)) and 25,132 ppm (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.6, Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2008)) for rats, this substance was classified as "Not classified." Besides, because the LC50 value was lower than 90% of the saturated vapour concentration, the reference value in units of ppm was applied as a vapour without a mist.
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Category 2	Warning	H315	P302+P352 P332+P313 P362+P364 P264 P280 P321	In humans, since there is a report that irritation and dermatitis were observed after 1-hour contact (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)) and there is a description that direct skin contact caused pain, burn and pruritus (OEL Documentations (Japan Society for Occupational Health (JSOH), 1988)), this substance was classified in Category 2. Besides, this substance was classified in "Xi; R38" in the EU DSD classification and in "Skin Irrit. 2 H315" in the EU CLP classification.
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 2	Warning	H319	P305+P351+P338 P337+P313 P264 P280	There is a description that this substance is irritating to human eyes (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.6, Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2008), OEL Documentations (Japan Society for Occupational Health (JSOH), 1988)). Besides, there is a report that mild eye irritation was observed in an eye irritation test with rabbits (IUCLID (2000)). From the above, based on a description of "irritating," this substance was classified in Category 2.
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data. There was no in vivo data. As for in vitro, it was negative in a bacterial reverse mutation test and a chromosomal aberration test with cultured rat hepatocytes (PATTY (6th, 2012), IUCLID (2000), HSDB (Access on August 2014)).
6	Carcinogenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	This substance was classified as "Classification not possible" since it was classified in D by EPA IRIS (1993).
7	Reproductive toxicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation, narcotic effects)	Warning	H335 H336	P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312 P405 P501	This substance showed respiratory tract irritation and narcotic effects (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.6, Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2008), SIDS (2013), ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOT vol. 11 (1998), HSDB (Access on August 2014), OEL Documentations (Japan Society for Occupational Health (JSOH), 1988)). In humans, inhalation exposure might cause effects on the central nervous system such as vertigo, hypesthesia, headache, agitation, incoordination and stupor, which were due to narcotic effects. By oral intake, nausea, vomiting, stomach convulsions and burning sensation were caused (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.6, Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2008), SIDS (2013), ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOT vol. 11 (1998), HSDB (Access on August 2014), OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 1988)). In experimental animals, there is a report that in an inhalation exposure to mice, irritation of the upper respiratory tract caused a reduction in the respiration rate, which was triggered by a reflex stimulation of the receptors in the trigeminal nerve endings in the nasal mucous membranes (DFGOT vol.11 (1998)). From the above, this substance was classified in Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation, narcotic effects).
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (nervous system)	Danger	H372	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	It is described that 18 workers who had been exposed for 1-9 years to the vapour of this substance with a purity more than 95% in a tire factory complained of numbness in the limbs and paresthesia, and no evidence of peripheral neuropathy was found in a neurological investigation, but polyneuropathy was clinically suspected due to a significant correlation between reduced motor nerve condition velocities (MCV) and the duration of exposure in 10 out of 12 exposed workers (SIDS (2013), DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)). And it is described that a female worker from a shoe factory exposed to high concentrations of a glue solution containing this substance developed central nervous system symptoms and peripheral neuropathy after 3 months, though the central nervous system symptoms disappeared rapidly after the end of exposure, the slight peripheral neuropathy persisted for several months (SIDS (2013), DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)), so there is an opinion that the concentration of 2,5-heptanedione, a neurotoxic metabolite, was related to the onset of neuropathy (SIDS (2013)). On the other hand, because 8 workers in a shoe factory and a tire factory exposed to this substance (5-196 mg/m3) showed no signs of neuropathy, and a low concentration (0.25 mg/L) of urinary 2,5-heptanedione was detected in some cases, it is considered that high and contracted exposure to n-heptane was required to cause neuropathy (SIDS (2013), DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)). As an evaluation result for the C7-C9 aliphatic hydrocarbon category, it is concluded in SIDS that the substances in this category generally do not exhibit neurotoxicity (SIDS (2013)). As for experimental animals, in a 26-week inhalation exposure test of this substance (assumed as the vapour) with rats, no clear toxic effect was observed up to the highest concentration corresponding to the range of "Not classified" and 2,970 ppm (12.2 mg/L) as NOAEL was reported (SIDS (2013)). Furthermore, no neurotoxic symptoms were observed by inhalation exposure at 3,000 ppm for 16 weeks and 1,500 ppm for up to 30 weeks (SIDS (2013)). From the above, based on multiple epidemiological findings in occupational exposure cases, the possibility of the onset of neuropathy in humans could not be denied, therefore, this substance was classified in Category 1 (nervous system).
10	Aspiration hazard	Category 1	Danger	H304	P301+P310 P331 P405 P501	This substance was classified in Category 1 because it is a hydrocarbon and there is a description that aspiration causes chemical pneumonitis (HSDB (Access on August 2014)).

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute)	Category 1	Warning	H400	P273 P391 P501	It was classified in Category 1 from 96-hour LC50 = 0.1 mg/L for crustacea (Mysidopsis bahia) (SIDS, 2013).
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term)	Category 1	Warning	H410	P273 P391 P501	Reliable chronic toxicity data were not obtained. It was classified in Category 1 due to a bioaccumulation estimate (log Kow = 4.66 (> 4.0, PHYSPROP Database, 2009)), and Category 1 in acute toxicity although it is rapidly degradable (a degradation rate by BOD: 101% (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration Results of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1996))
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	This substance is not listed in the Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.

To GHS Information