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GHS Classification Result

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	76-06-2
Chemical Name	Trichloronitromethane
Substance ID	H26-B-041, R-017
Classification year (FY)	FY2014
Ministry who conducted the classification	Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised	Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year	FY2006
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition)
UN GHS document (External link)	UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file)	Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Explosives	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Because there is a chemical group associated with explosive properties (nitro group) present in the molecule, and oxygen balance of 0 is higher than the criteria of -200, it may correspond to explosives. However, the classification is not possible due to no data.
2	Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases)	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
3	Aerosols	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.
4	Oxidizing gases	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
5	Gases under pressure	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
6	Flammable liquids	Not classified	- -	-	-	Not combustible (ICSC (1998))
7	Flammable solids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	There is a chemical group associated with explosive properties (nitro group) present in the molecule, but the classification is not possible due to no data.
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified	- -	-	-	Not combustible (ICSC (1998))
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Not classified	- -	-	-	Not combustible (ICSC (1998))
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not applicable	- -	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13	Oxidizing liquids	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	The substance is an organic compound containing chlorine and oxygen (but not fluorine), and the oxygen is chemically bonded to the element other than carbon or hydrogen (N). However, the classification is not possible due to no data.
14	Oxidizing solids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
15	Organic peroxides	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Category 3	Danger	H301	P301+P310 P361+P364 P264 P270 P321 P330 P405 P501	Based on an LD50 value of 250 mg/kg for rats (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.10 (Ministry of the Environment, 2012)), it was classified in Category 3.
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Category 1	Danger	H330	P304+P340 P403+P233 P260 P271 P284 P310 P320 P405 P501	Based on reports of LC50 values (4 hours) of 6.6 ppm (nasal inhalation) (PATTY (6th, 2012)), 14.4 ppm and 18.9 ppm (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.10 (Ministry of the Environment, 2012)) for rats, it was classified in Category 1. Besides, since LC50 values were lower than 90% of the saturated vapor concentration (16,654 ppm), the reference value in units of ppm was applied as a vapour without a mist.
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Category 1	Danger	H314	P301+P330+P331 P303+P361+P353 P305+P351+P338 P304+P340 P260 P264 P280 P310 P321 P363 P405 P501	After occlusive application of 0.5 mL of this substance to rabbits for 4 hours, severe erythema, edema, and corrosivity were observed, recovery was not observed for 14 days, and it was judged to be strongly irritating and corrosive (Agricultural Chemicals Times supplement vol.10 "Agricultural chemicals technology information"). In addition, there are descriptions that this substance causes redness and pain if it comes into contact with the skin (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.10 (Ministry of the Environment, 2012)), and that it was a skin irritant to humans (ACGIH (7th, 2001)). From the above, based on the description that "it is corrosive," it was classified in Category 1. The data from Agricultural Chemicals Times supplement "Agricultural chemicals technology information" was added, and the category was changed. Besides, this substance was classified as "R38" in the EU DSD classification, and as "H315 Skin Irrit 2" in the EU CLP classification.
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 1	Danger	H318	P305+P351+P338 P280 P310	There is a report that in a primary irritation test with rabbits, by application of 0.5 mL of this substance, damage was observed in the cornea, iris, and conjunctiva, and a strong irritation response was observed on the 21st day (Agricultural Chemicals Times supplement vol.10 "Agricultural chemicals technology information"). In addition, based on a description that this substance was strongly irritating to the conjunctiva and the cornea in humans, causing marked lacrimation and reflex closing of the eyelids (DFGOT vol. 6 (1994)), and on information that the vapor of this substance was strongly irritating to the eyes (EPA Pesticide (2008), JMPR (Chloropicrin (FAO Meeting Report PL-1965-10-2))), it was classified in Category 1. Besides, this substance was classified as "R36" in the EU DSD classification, and as "H319 Eye Irrit 2" in the EU CLP classification.
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	It was classified as "Classification not possible" because it was not possible to classify a substance as "Not classified" according to the revised GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government. As for in vivo, it was negative in a micronucleus test with mouse erythrocytes and an unscheduled DNA synthesis test with rats (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.10 (Ministry of the Environment, 2012)). As for in vitro, although it was positive in bacterial reverse mutation tests, and a chromosome aberration test and a sister chromatid exchange test with cultured mammalian cells, it was negative in a micronucleus test with human cells, a mouse lymphoma test, and an unscheduled DNA synthesis test with rat hepatocytes (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.10 (Ministry of the Environment, 2012), DFGOT vol. 6 (1994), Agricultural Chemicals Times supplement vol.10 "Agricultural chemicals technology information" (1992), NTP DB (Access on July 2014)). Since the results were negative in vivo, it was judged that there was no in vivo mutagenicity.
6	Carcinogenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Since it was classified in A4 by ACGIH (1996), it was classified as "Classification not possible."
7	Reproductive toxicity	Not classified	- -	-	-	No effects on fertility were observed in a two-generation reproduction toxicity test with rats by the inhalation route (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.10 (Ministry of the Environment, 2012)). In teratogenicity tests with rats and rabbits by the inhalation route, only slight effects were observed in the fetuses even at doses where severe toxicities including death were observed in maternal animals (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.10 (Ministry of the Environment, 2012)). From the above, in addition to teratogenicity, new information on fertility in parental animals was obtained. As a result, since no effect on teratogenicity and fertility in parental animals was observed, it was classified as "Not classified."
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (respiratory organs, haemal system)	Danger	H370	P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501	In humans, this substance caused strong respiratory tract mucosal irritation, and by inhalation exposure, lacrimation, runny nose, cough, headache, irritation of the upper airways with dyspnea, bronchitis and death from pulmonary edema might be caused. In addition, by the inhalation or oral exposure abdominal pain, cough, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, nausea, sore throat, vomiting, and weakness occurred (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.10 (Ministry of the Environment, 2012), OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 1968), EPA Pesticide Fact Sheet (2008), ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOT vol. 6 (1994)). Moreover, methemoglobin formation and hemolysis were reported in those severely exposed (DFGOT vol.6 (1994)). As for experimental animals, in rats or mice, severe injury of the respiratory tract was observed, decreased respiratory rate, ulceration and necrosis of the respiratory epithelium, bronchitis, pulmonary edema, congestion and hemorrhage of the lungs, cyanosis, dyspnea and death were reported, and there is a description that the cause of death was attributed to respiratory failure (ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOT vol. 6 (1994), PATTY (6th, 2012)). These findings were within the guidance value range corresponding to Category 1. Besides, there were no findings showing the effects on the nervous system described in the previous classification. From the above, it was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs, hemal system).
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (respiratory organs, liver, haemal system)	Danger	H372	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	There is a description that a family exposed to this substance in indoor air, which was used in the basement of a house to exterminate bats and was a source, developed irritation symptoms such as coughing, lacrimation and runny noses within 1 week, they became more severe in a smoker, and bronchitis and sinusitis with redness and edema of the nasal and pharyngeal mucosa were observed (DFGOT vol. 6 (1994)). However, it is described that no findings on chronic exposure to this substance were obtained in the investigation conducted by the Ministry of the Environment (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.10 (Ministry of the Environment, 2012)). As the findings in experimental animals, by the oral route, tests in which rats were administered by gavage or feeding for 13 weeks, 78 weeks, or 2 years, and tests in which mice were administered by gavage for 78 weeks and dogs were administered by gavage (capsule) for 1 year were conducted. And, effects on the liver (vacuolation of periportal hepatocytes) in rats, and on the digestive system (vomiting, diarrhea) and on the hemal system (decreases in erythrocyte parameters (MCV, MCHC)) in dogs at doses corresponding to Category 1 (1-5 mg/kg/day), tissue changes in the forestomach (chronic inflammation, hyperkeratosis, acanthosis) in rats and mice, and effects on the hemal system (decreased hemoglobin concentrations and hematocrit values) and on the respiratory system (inflammation and congestion of the lungs) in rats were observed at doses corresponding to Category 2 (20-33 mg/kg/day) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.10 (Ministry of the Environment, 2012), NTP TR 65 (1978)). Among these, digestive system symptoms, tissue changes in the forestomach seemed to be due to irritation by this substance, and the digestive system was not included in the target organ. As for the inhalation route, 13-week inhalation exposure tests and long-term exposure tests with rats and mice (107 weeks for rats, 78 weeks for mice) using this substance (the vapour) were conducted. In all test results, although extensive effects on the respiratory organs (inflammatory changes, degeneration, necrosis, hyperplasia and fibrosis of the epithelial cells in the nasal cavity, trachea, bronchi and lung, alveolar proteinosis, etc.) were observed from the concentration range of Category 1 (0.3-1.58 ppm (0.002-0.011 mg/L/6 hr)) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.10 (Ministry of the Environment, 2012), PATTY (6th, 2012)), there was no common effect as a systemic effect, and the effects were considered to be limited to local areas by inhalation exposure. From the above, based on hazardous findings in experimental animals, it was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs, liver, hemal system). Besides, the previous classification was based on the information sources in List 2 and 3, and the findings that "central nervous system" should be the target organ were not obtained from the information source of List 1, used for classification this time, but the findings that "liver" should be included in the target organ were newly obtained.
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute)	Category 1	Warning	H400	P273 P391 P501	It was classified in Category 1 from 72-hour ErC50 = 0.078 microg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata), 48-hour EC50 = 110 microg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna), and 96-hour LC50 = 10 microg/L for fish (Oryzias latipes) (all Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Environment Agency in Japan (Environment Agency, 1998), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol. 10 (Ministry of the Environment, 2012)).
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term)	Category 1	Warning	H410	P273 P391 P501	If chronic toxicity data are used, then it is classified in Category 1 due to being not rapidly degradable (a degradation rate by BOD: 0% (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration Results of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 2002)), and 72-hour NOEC (growth rate) < 0.032 microg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol. 10 (Ministry of the Environment, 2012)). If acute toxicity data are used for a trophic level for which chronic toxicity data are not obtained, then it is classified in Category 1 due to being not rapidly degradable (a degradation rate by BOD: 0% (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration Results of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 2002)), and 96-hour LC50 = 10 microg/L for fish (Oryzias latipes) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Environment Agency in Japan (Environment Agency, 1998), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol. 10 (Ministry of the Environment, 2012)). From the above results, it was classified in Category 1.
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	This substance is not listed in the Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.

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