GHS Classification Result

日本語で表示



GENERAL INFORMATION
Item Information
CAS RN 107-22-2
Chemical Name Glyoxal
Substance ID 25B0024
Classification year (FY) FY2013
Ministry who conducted the classification Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year FY2006  
Download of Excel format Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION
Item Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link) GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government (July, 2013)
UN GHS document (External link) UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link) eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable
-
-
- - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable
-
-
- - Liquid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable
-
-
- - Not aerosol products.
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable
-
-
- - Liquid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable
-
-
- - Liquid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Classification not possible
-
-
- - No data available.
7 Flammable solid Not applicable
-
-
- - Liquid (GHS definition)
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable
-
-
- - There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Classification not possible
-
-
- - No data available. Besides, it is described in ICSC (2003) that an autoignition temperature is 285 deg C or higher for a 40% aqueous solution.
10 Pyrophoric solids Not applicable
-
-
- - Liquid (GHS definition)
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible
-
-
- - Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available.
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable
-
-
- - The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable
-
-
- - The substance is an organic compound containing oxygen (but not fluorine or chlorine) which is chemically bonded only to carbon or hydrogen.
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable
-
-
- - Liquid (GHS definition)
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable
-
-
- - Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule.
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible
-
-
- - Test methods applicable to liquid (a boiling point < 55 deg C ) substances are not available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 3


Danger
H301 P301+P310
P264
P270
P321
P330
P405
P501
It was classified in Category 3 based on an LD50 value of 200 mg/kg for rats (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)).
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Not classified
-
-
- - It was classified as "Not classified" based on LD50 = 12,700 mg/kg in a dermal administration test with rabbits (CICAD 57 (2004)).
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable
-
-
- - Liquid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification not possible due to lack of data.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Category 4


Warning
H332 P304+P340
P261
P271
P312
There are reports of LC50 (4 hours) = 2,440 mg/m3 (2.44 mg/L) in an inhalation exposure test with rats on a 40% aqueous solution (aerosol) (SIDS (2003), CICAD 57 (2004), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2008)). Based on the description that the LC50 value is a calculated one (CICAD 57 (2004)), a reference value in the unit of mg/L was applied as a mist, and it was classified in Category 4.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 2


Warning
H315 P302+P352
P332+P313
P362+P364
P264
P280
P321
As the results of skin irritation tests with rabbits, it is described that severe irritation (SIDS (2003)), slight irritation (SIDS (2003)), or erythema was observed (CICAD 57 (2004)), or there was no irritation (SIDS (2003)). As effects in humans, it is described that it is considered to irritate the eye, skin, and mucous membrane of humans at present (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)). Furthermore, this substance is classified in "Xi; R36/38" in EU DSD classification and "Skin Irrit. 2 H315" in EU CLP classification. Based on the above information, it was thought to cause reversible and severe irritation, and it was classified in Category 2.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2A


Warning
H319 P305+P351+P338
P337+P313
P264
P280
It is described that slight irritation was observed in an eye irritation test with rabbits (according to OECD TG 405) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2008)). As for other tests with rabbits, it is described that reddening and chemosis were found, and these subsided after eight days, or that severe reddening and slight edema in the conjunctiva and inflammation and a hazy clouding of the iris were seen, and the symptoms healed within 1 or 2 weeks (SIDS (2003)). Furthermore, this substance is classified in "Xi; R36/38" in EU DSD classification and "Eye Irrit. 2 H319" in EU CLP classification. Based on the above information, it was thought to cause reversible and severe irritation, and it was classified in Category 2A.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification not possible due to lack of data.
4 Skin sensitization Category 1


Warning
H317 P302+P352
P333+P313
P362+P364
P261
P272
P280
P321
P501
It is described that it was positive in a Buehler test and a maximization test, both using guinea pigs (SIDS (2003)). As epidemiological cases in humans, it is described that in a maximization test, necrosis, erythema, and edema in the skin were observed (SIDS (2003)), and positive skin reactions were found in all subjects after induction with a 10% solution and a challenge with a 2% solution, and glyoxal was shown to be a strong skin sensitizer (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2008)). Therefore, it was considered to cause skin sensitization. Furthermore, this substance is classified in "R43" in EU DSD classification and "Skin Sens. 1 H317" in EU CLP classification. It was classified in Category 1 based on the above information.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification not possible due to lack of data. As for in vivo, it was reported to be negative in a micronucleus test with mouse bone marrow cells (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2008), SIDS (2003), CICAD 57 (2004)). And it was negative in an unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) test with rat liver (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2008), SIDS (2003)), but positive results were observed in a UDS test with pyloric mucosa of rat stomach and a DNA single-strand-break test with rats liver (SIDS (2003), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2008), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004), CICAD 57 (2004), ACGIH (7th, 2001)). Both of the positive results were assessed to be local DNA damage (SIDS (2003)). On the other hand, as for in vitro, it was positive in a bacterial reverse mutation test, and a gene mutation test and a chromosomal aberration test with cultured mammalian cells (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2008), SIDS (2003), CICAD 57 (2004), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004), ACGIH (7th, 2001)). The category was changed according to the revised GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government.
6 Carcinogenicity Classification not possible
-
-
- - It was classified as "Classification not possible" because it is classified in A4 in ACGIH (7th, 2001). The category was changed according to the revised GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government.
7 Reproductive toxicity Classification not possible
-
-
- - There is the information that there was no developmental toxicity at the dose where maternal toxicity occurred (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2008), SIDS (2003)), but there is no information on the effects on sexual function and fertility. Therefore, it was classified as "Classification not possible" due to lack of data.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 2 (lung, kidney, adrenal gland, respiratory organs, central nervous system)


Warning
H371 P308+P311
P260
P264
P270
P405
P501
The digestive system, respiratory system, kidney, adrenal gland, and central nervous system are considered to be the target organs because the autopsy showed changes in the gastrointestinal tract (irritation of the gastrointestinal tract), lung, kidney, and adrenal gland in acute toxicity tests with rats, mice, and other species, and because dyspnea, irregular breathing, central nervous system depression, and hyperemia in the lung were observed in an inhalation (aerosol) exposure test with rats (SIDS (2003), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2008)). Among the organs mentioned above, the digestive system was not included in the target organs because this substance is irritating. Besides, effects in experimental animals were found within the guidance value range corresponding to Category 2 (the oral route (640-1,400 mg/kg (rats)), the inhalation route (1.3 mg/L or above)). From the above, it was classified in Category 2 (lung, kidney, adrenal gland, respiratory system, central nervous system). Besides, the heart and liver were also included in the target organs in the previous classification, but these were removed because they were not described as the target organs in the information sources used this time.
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (respiratory organs)


Danger
H372 P260
P264
P270
P314
P501
It was classified in Category 1 (respiratory system) because squamous metaplasia of the epiglottal epithelium accompanied by submucosal lymph cell infiltration was observed at the concentration (converted guidance value: 0.0003 mg/L) within the guidance value range for Category 1 in a 29-day inhalation exposure test with rats (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2008)). Besides, in a 28-day oral administration test with rats, decreased weight gain and decreased food consumption were found at the dose (converted guidance value: 40 mg/kg/day) within the guidance value range for Category 2, but there were no pathological changes to enable specifying the target organs (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2008)).
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification not possible due to lack of data.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Category 3
-
-
H402 P273
P501
From 96-hour LC50 = 86 mg/L for fish (Pimephales promelas) (Initial Risk Assessment (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2008); SIDS, 2003), it was classified in Category 3.
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Not classified
-
-
- - Reliable chronic toxicity data were not obtained. It was classified in Category 3 in acute toxicity. However, it is rapidly degradable (a 28-day degradation rate by BOD = 65% (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration Results of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1996)), and low bioconcentration is estimated (LogPow = -1.66 (HSDB, 2013)). Therefore, it was classified as "Not classified."
12 Hazardous to the ozone layer Classification not possible
-
-
- - This substance is not listed in the Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.


NOTE:
  • GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
  • Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
  • This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
  • Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
  • A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.

To GHS Information