GHS Classification Result
GENERAL INFORMATION
REFERENCE INFORMATION
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
NOTES:
Updated date:
GENERAL INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| CAS number | 6915-15-7 |
| Chemical name | DL-Malic acid |
| Substance ID | 23A5137 |
| Fiscal year of classification conducted | FY2011 |
| Classifier(s) (Ministries) | Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare （MHLW）, Ministry of the Environment （MOE） |
| New/Revised | New |
| Download in Excel format | Excel file |
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| Guidance used for classification (External link) |
Physical Hazards & Health Hazards: GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
Environmental Hazards: UN GHS Document （4th revised edition） |
| Definitions / Abbreviations (Excel file) | Definitions / Abbreviations |
| Model Label by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website （in Japanese Only） |
| Model SDS by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website （in Japanese Only） |
| OECD/eChemPortal (External link) | eChemPortal |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram (Code: symbol) Signal word |
Code (Hazard statement) |
Code (Precautionary statement) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Explosives | Not applicable | - | - | - | There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule. |
| 2 | Flammable gases （including chemically unstable gases） | Not applicable | - | - | - | "Solids" according to GHS definition. |
| 3 | Aerosols | Not applicable | - | - | - | Not an aerosol product. |
| 4 | Oxidizing gases | Not applicable | - | - | - | "Solids" according to GHS definition. |
| 5 | Gases under pressure | Not applicable | - | - | - | "Solids" according to GHS definition. |
| 6 | Flammable liquids | Not applicable | - | - | - | "Solids" according to GHS definition. |
| 7 | Flammable solids | Classification not possible | - | - | - | No data. |
| 8 | Self-reactive substances and mixtures | Not applicable | - | - | - | There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties. |
| 9 | Pyrophoric liquids | Not applicable | - | - | - | "Solids" according to GHS definition. |
| 10 | Pyrophoric solids | Not classified | - | - | - | It is conceivable that it does not ignite at normal temperatures from an ignition point of 340 degrees C (MSDS (Sigma-Aldrich) (Access on Sep. 2011)). |
| 11 | Self-heating substances and mixtures | Classification not possible | - | - | - | No established test method suitable for solid substances with a melting point of 140 degrees C or lower. |
| 12 | Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases | Not applicable | - | - | - | Not containing metals or semimetals (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At). |
| 13 | Oxidizing liquids | Not applicable | - | - | - | "Solids" according to GHS definition. |
| 14 | Oxidizing solids | Not applicable | - | - | - | An organic compound does not contain fluorine or chlorine but contains oxygen which is not chemically bonded to elements other than carbon or hydrogen. |
| 15 | Organic peroxides | Not applicable | - | - | - | An organic compound that does not contain -O-O- structure. |
| 16 | Corrosive to metals | Classification not possible | - | - | - | No established test method suitable for solid substances. |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram (Code: symbol) Signal word |
Code (Hazard statement) |
Code (Precautionary statement) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Oral） | Not classified | - | - | - | From an LD50 value of >3200 mg/kg bw for rats (PATTY (5th, 2001)), it was classified as "Not classified" in JIS classification (Category 5 or "Not classified" in UN GHS classification). |
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Dermal） | Classification not possible | - | - | - | No data. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Gases） | Not applicable | - | - | - | "Solids" according to GHS definition. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Vapours） | Classification not possible | - | - | - | No data. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Dusts and mists） | Classification not possible | - | - | - | No data. |
| 2 | Skin corrosion/irritation | Category 2 |  |
H315 |
P302+P352 P332+P313 P264 P280 P321 P362 |
On the basis of moderately irritating reported as a result of a test applied 20 mg or 500 mg to rabbit skin for 24 hours (PATTY (5th, 2001)), it was classified in Category 2. |
| 3 | Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Category 2A | |
H319 |
P305+P351+P338 P337+P313 P264 P280 |
On the basis of severe irritation reported as a result of a test applied 750 micro g to rabbit eyes (PATTY (5th, 2001)), it was classified in Category 2A. |
| 4 | Respiratory sensitization | Classification not possible | - | - | - | No data. |
| 4 | Skin sensitization | Classification not possible | - | - | - | No data. |
| 5 | Germ cell mutagenicity | Classification not possible | - | - | - |
The classification is not possible due to no in vivo test data. Besides, both an Ames test (PATTY (5th, 2001)) and a chromosomal aberration test using Chinese hamster fibroblast cells (PATTY (5th, 2001)) reported negatives in in vitro tests. |
| 6 | Carcinogenicity | Classification not possible | - | - | - | No data. |
| 7 | Reproductive toxicity | Classification not possible | - | - | - |
An oral administration test during gestation including an organogenetic period in rats and mice (rats: up to 350 mg/kg/day, mice: up to 266 mg/kg/day) reported neither general toxicity in maternal animals, fetal toxicity, nor teratogenicity (HPVIS (Access on Sep. 2011), corresponding to List 2). But it was classified as "Classification not possible" due to no information on the effects on sexual function and fertility. |
| 8 | Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure | Classification not possible | - | - | - | No data. |
| 9 | Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure | Classification not possible | - | - | - |
As a result of a 2-year diet administration test in rats (doses 25, 250, 2500 mg/kg bw/day), no tissue abnormalities or changes in the blood or urine, but only changes in organ weights, a decrease in growth, and hunched posture in the first year at a dose of 2500 mg/kg above the upper limit in Guidance values were observed. Therefore, it corresponds to "Not classified" in oral administration. But the data are from List 2 and effects in other routes are unknown. Therefore, it was classified as "Classification not possible" in specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposures) due to lack of data. |
| 10 | Aspiration hazard | Classification not possible | - | - | - | No data. |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram (Code: symbol) Signal word |
Code (Hazard statement) |
Code (Precautionary statement) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Acute） | Classification not possible | - | - | - | No data. |
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Long-term） | Classification not possible | - | - | - | No data. |
| 12 | Hazardous to the ozone layer | Classification not possible | - | - | - | This substance is not listed in Annexes to the Montreal Protocol. |
NOTES:
|
* Hazard statement or Precautionary statement will show when hovering the mouse over a code of Hazard statement or Precautionary statement. Hazard statement and Precautionary statement are also provided in the Excel file. * Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users. * This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice. * The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users. |
Updated date:
|
2016/11/30 Addition of Rationale for the classification |