GHS Classification Result
GENERAL INFORMATION
REFERENCE INFORMATION
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
NOTES:
Updated date:
GENERAL INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| CAS number | 16672-87-0 |
| Chemical name | Ethephon |
| Substance ID | 23A5057 |
| Fiscal year of classification conducted | FY2011 |
|
Classifier(s) (Ministries) |
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare （MHLW）, Ministry of the Environment （MOE） |
| New/Revised | New |
| Download in Excel format | Excel file |
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
|
Guidance used for classification (External link) |
Physical Hazards & Health Hazards: GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government (July, 2010) Environmental Hazards: UN GHS Document （4th revised edition） |
|
Definitions / Abbreviations (Excel file) |
Definitions / Abbreviations |
|
Model Label by MHLW (External link) |
MHLW Website （in Japanese Only） |
|
Model SDS by MHLW (External link) |
MHLW Website （in Japanese Only） |
|
OECD/eChemPortal (External link) |
eChemPortal |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram (Code: symbol) Signal word |
Code (Hazard statement) |
Code (Precautionary statement) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Explosives | Not applicable | - | - | - |
There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule. |
| 2 | Flammable gases （including chemically unstable gases） | Not applicable | - | - | - |
"Solids" according to GHS definition. |
| 3 | Aerosols | Not applicable | - | - | - |
Not an aerosol product. |
| 4 | Oxidizing gases | Not applicable | - | - | - |
"Solids" according to GHS definition. |
| 5 | Gases under pressure | Not applicable | - | - | - |
"Solids" according to GHS definition. |
| 6 | Flammable liquids | Not applicable | - | - | - |
"Solids" according to GHS definition. |
| 7 | Flammable solids | Classification not possible | - | - | - |
No data. Besides, there is information that it is nonflammable (HSDB (2010)). |
| 8 | Self-reactive substances and mixtures | Not applicable | - | - | - |
There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties. |
| 9 | Pyrophoric liquids | Not applicable | - | - | - |
"Solids" according to GHS definition. |
| 10 | Pyrophoric solids | Not classified | - | - | - |
It was classified as "Not classified" from information that it is nonflammable (HSDB (2010)). |
| 11 | Self-heating substances and mixtures | Not classified | - | - | - |
It was classified as "Not classified" from information that it is nonflammable (HSDB (2010)). |
| 12 | Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases | Not classified | - | - | - |
It contains a semimetal (P), but it is conceivable that it does not react vigorously with water from data on the water solubility of 1239 g/l (GESTIS (Access on May. 2011)). |
| 13 | Oxidizing liquids | Not applicable | - | - | - |
"Solids" according to GHS definition. |
| 14 | Oxidizing solids | Classification not possible | - | - | - |
An organic compound that contains chlorine and oxygen chemically bonded to P, but the classification is not possible due to no data. |
| 15 | Organic peroxides | Not applicable | - | - | - |
An organic compound that does not contain -O-O- structure. |
| 16 | Corrosive to metals | Classification not possible | - | - | - |
No established test method suitable for solid substances. |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram (Code: symbol) Signal word |
Code (Hazard statement) |
Code (Precautionary statement) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Oral） | Not classified | - | - | - |
It was classified as "Not classified" in JIS classification (corresponding to Category 5 in UN GHS classification) to which most of the three LD50 values for rats (3739 mg/kg, 2210 mg/kg (above JMPR 861 (1993)), 1600 mg/kg (EPA RED (1995))) correspond, one of which corresponds to Category 4 and two correspond to "Not classified" in JIS classification. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Dermal） | Category 4 |
 |
H312 |
P302+P352 P280 P312 P322 P363 P501 |
It was classified in Category 4 to which most of the three LD50 values for rabbits (1700 mg/kg, 1400 mg/kg (above JMPR 861 (1993)), 5000 mg/kg (EPA RED (1995))) correspond, one of which corresponds to "Not classified" and two correspond to Category 4. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Gases） | Not applicable | - | - | - |
"Solids" according to GHS definition. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Vapours） | Classification not possible | - | - | - |
No data. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Dusts and mists） | Category 4 |
|
H332 |
P304+P340 P261 P271 P312 |
From an LC50 value of 4.5 mg/L/4h for rats (JMPR 861 (1993)), it was classified in Category 4. Besides, it was considered to be a test by dust because the LC50 value (4.5 mg/L) is higher than the saturated vapour pressure concentration (0.00029 mg/L). |
| 2 | Skin corrosion/irritation | Category 1 |
 |
H314 |
P301+P330+P331 P303+P361+P353 P305+P351+P338 P304+P340 P260 P264 P280 P310 P321 P363 P405 P501 |
Because corrosive to this substance proven by spots of necrosis and edema in 4 out of 6 animals and contact erythema in 6 animals observed after an application of 0.5 mL of a water solution to rabbit skins for one to four hours was reported (JMPR 861 (1993)), and a pH about 1 of this substance was described (Sax (11th, 2004)), it was classified in Category 1. |
| 3 | Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Category 1 |
|
H318 |
P305+P351+P338 P280 P310 |
Because a corneal injury in a test applied to rabbit conjunctival sac was reported (HSDB (2010)), and a pH about 1 of this substance was described (Sax (11th, 2004)), it was classified in Category 1. Besides, this substance showed corrosive in a dermal irritation test, also had a response to eyes, and was classified in "Category I" (the highest category in four categories) in EPA (EPA RED factsheet (1996)). |
| 4 | Respiratory sensitization | Classification not possible | - | - | - |
No data. |
| 4 | Skin sensitization | Not classified | - | - | - |
Evidence of contact sensitization was not found as a result of a skin sensitization test using guinea pigs. (JMPR 861 (1993)) And EPA concluded from no provocation of skin sensitization that this substance was negative. (EPA RED (1995)) Therefore, it was classified as "Not classified." |
| 5 | Germ cell mutagenicity | Not classified | - | - | - |
From negatives in a dominant lethal test (in vivo heritable mutagenicity test using germ cells) using rats and a micronucleus test (in vivo mutagenicity test) using mice (JMPR (861 (1993)), it was classified as "Not classified." Besides, as in vitro test results, a positive in an Ames test, a negative in a chromosomal aberration test using Chinese hamster ovary cells, and a negative in an HGPRT gene mutation test using Chinese hamster ovary cells were reported. (JMPR 861 (1993)) |
| 6 | Carcinogenicity | Not classified | - | - | - |
It was reported that carcinogenicity was not observed in both two diet administration tests using rats for 104 weeks or 97 to 104 weeks. (JMPR 861 (1993)) Furthermore, it was reported that carcinogenicity was not indicated from no increase in exposure-related incidences of tumors in both two 78-week diet administration tests using mice. (JMPR 861 (1993)) Because evidence of carcinogenicity was not obtained in any of carcinogenicity tests conducted twice in 2 species of animals respectively, it was classified as "Not classified." |
| 7 | Reproductive toxicity | Category 2 |
 |
H361 |
P308+P313 P201 P202 P281 P405 P501 |
In a two-generation reproductive diet administration test before mating and through mating, gestation, parturition, and lactation periods in rats, reduced body weights during gestation and lactation periods in a high dose group (30000 ppm) in parent animals of the second generation, and increased stillbirths and perinatal deaths in offspring from the second generation were reported. (JMPR 861 (1993)) Furthermore, in an oral administration test in pregnant rabbits during an organogenetic period, teratogenicity was not observed but decreases in a survival rate and weight gain were indicated in maternal animals. And high ratios in post-implantation losses and early resorption, and a low mean number of live offspring at the same dose were reported. (JMPR 861 (1993)) From the above results, it was classified in Category 2. Besides, neither sexual function and fertility including mating, coitus, and gestation in each generation in the two-generation reproduction test (EPA RED (1995)) nor adverse effects on the development of the offspring including teratogenicity in an administration test during an organogenetic period in pregnant rats (JMPR 861 (1993)) were observed. |
| 8 | Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure |
Category 2 (nervous system) |
|
H371 |
P309+P311 P260 P264 P270 P405 P501 |
At 1000 to 2000 mg/kg in oral administration in rats, in addition to deaths (only in females), transient symptoms such as pupil contraction, increased urination, decreased body temperature, and reduced motor activity were observed. (JMPR 861 (1993)) On the other hand, there is information that the most sensitive exposure indicator of this substance which causes poisoning symptoms similar to ones by organophosphates such as salivation, lacrimation, urination and defecation for test animals at a high dose, is an inhibition of cholinesterase in blood cells and plasma, which occurs even at a low dose. (IRIS RED (2006)) From the above knowledge, it was classified in Category 2 (nervous system) because rats showed symptoms at doses corresponding to Category 2 in Guidance values. |
| 9 | Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure | Classification not possible | - | - | - |
In a 16-day or 22-day oral administration test using human volunteers, a significant inhibition of plasma cholinesterase activity was reported. (JMPR 861 (1993)) Besides, in experimental animals, in oral administration tests dosed rats for 4 weeks, mice for 4 weeks, and dogs for 2 years, a significant inhibition of plasma and red blood cell cholinesterase activity was reported. (JMPR 861 (1993)) The inhibition of cholinesterase activity in plasma and red blood cells by exposure to this substance which occurred even at a low dose is considered to be a sensitive exposure indicator. (IRIS (2006)) However, effects observed in the above human and animal tests were not accompanied by other effects such as related poisoning symptoms and pathological changes but were only changes in test values (cholinesterase activity values), therefore, it was classified as "Classification not possible." |
| 10 | Aspiration hazard | Classification not possible | - | - | - |
No data. |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram (Code: symbol) Signal word |
Code (Hazard statement) |
Code (Precautionary statement) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Acute） | Category 3 | No pictogram |
H402 |
P273 P501 |
It was classified in Category 3 from 96-hour EC50 = 23.5 mg/L for algae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) (AQUIRE, 2012). |
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Long-term） | Category 3 | No pictogram |
H412 |
P273 P501 |
If chronic toxicity data are used, then it is classified as "Not classified" from 96-hour NOEC = 2 mg/L for algae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) (AQUIRE, 2012), despite a lack of rapid degradability (BIOWIN). If acute toxicity data are used for a trophic level for which chronic toxicity data are not obtained, then it is classified in Category 3 from a lack of rapid degradability (BIOWIN), and 48-hour EC50 = 31.7 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (AQUIRE, 2012). It was classified in Category 3 by drawing a comparision between the above results. |
| 12 | Hazardous to the ozone layer | Classification not possible | - | - | - |
This substance is not listed in Annexes to the Montreal Protocol. |
NOTES:
|
* A blank or "-" in a cell of classification denotes that the classification of the hazard class was not conducted. * Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement will show when hovering the mouse over a code of Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement. Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement are also provided in the Excel file. * Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users. * This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice. * The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users. |
Updated date:
|
2017/3/17 Addition of Rationale for the classification |