GHS Classification Result

Chemical Name：4-Ethylbiphenyl
CAS：5707-44-8

Result：
ID: 22A4278
Classifier: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare （MHLW）, Ministry of the Environment （MOE）
Year Classified: FY2010
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.
2 Flammable gases （including chemically unstable gases） Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products.
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
7 Flammable solids Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
10 Pyrophoric solids Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to solid (melting point <= 140 degC) substances are not available.
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no oxygen, fluorine or chlorine
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible - - - - Classification is not possible since no data are available though the substance is solid (melting point <= 55 degC).

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity （Oral） Category 4 Warning H302: Harmful if swallowed P301+P312: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P330: Rinse mouth.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		The rat LD50 values of 1000 - 2000 mg/kg (female) and > 2000 mg/kg (male) (OECD TG 401, GLP-compliant) were reported ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals"(Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (Access on Jan. 2011)). Based on the female data as selecting the category of greater hazard, the substance was classified into Category 4.
1 Acute toxicity （Dermal） Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Gases） Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Vapours） Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Dusts and mists） Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Classification not possible - - - - The classification was not possible due to lack of in vivo test data. As relevant information, as for in vitro studies, negative results were reported in the Ames test and the chromosome aberration test using fibroblasts derived from Chinese hamster lung (CHL/IU cells) ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals"(Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (Access on Jan. 2011)).
6 Carcinogenicity Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
7 Reproductive toxicity Category 2 Warning H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		In the oral reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test in rats (OECD TG421, GLP-compliant), deaths (4/12 animals) occurred in the dams in the 300 mg/kg group, but no deaths occurred in the 100 mg/kg group. As the general toxicity of dams, low body weights in males and temporarily lowered food consumption in females were observed in the 100 mg/kg group. In addition, the effects on reproductive function of parental animals and the effects on pups such as the extension of the gestation period, the high value of stillbirths, low value of the live birth index, low value of the live pups on day 4 of lactation and the viability index were observed at the same dose (100 mg/kg) ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals"(Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (Access on Jan. 2011)). Therefore, the substance was classified as Category 2.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 2 (systemic toxicity) Warning H371: May cause damage to organs (systemic toxicity) P309+P311: IF exposed or if you feel unwell: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		In the acute oral toxicity study in rats (dose levels: 250 - 2000 mg/kg), no deaths appeared in males, while 1/5 and 4/5 died in females at 1000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg, respectively. In the study, sedation and/or hypoactivity was observed at the dose levels of 500 mg/kg or more in males and 1000 mg/kg or more in females, and prone position was observed at the dose levels of 1000 mg/kg or more in males and 2000 mg/kg in females ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (Access on Jan. 2011)). Further, it was also reported that the small size of the spleen, dilatation of the renal pelvis, discoloration of the heart, black-colored mucosa or brownish spots in the glandular stomach, etc. were observed as necropsy findings in the decedents supposing gastrointestinal or circulatory disturbance, but the direct cause of death could not be specified ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (Access on Jan. 2011)). Overall, signs of toxicity and occurrence of deaths appeared at the dose ranges equivalent to Category 2 of the guidance values, but due to difficulty in the specification of the target organ(s), the substance was classified as Category 2 (systemic toxicity).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 2 (kidney, liver) Warning H373: May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (kidney, liver) P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		In the 28-day repeated dose oral toxicity study in rats (CSCL guideline, GLP-compliant), it was proved that the renal tubules and the renal papillae were injured at 100 mg/kg/day or more and at 500 mg/kg/day or more, respectively, and that deaths appeared in seriously injured animals treated with 1000 mg/kg/day ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (Access on Jan. 2011)). Additionally, it was reported that hypertrophy of hepatocytes and both eosinophilic and granular cytoplasm of the hepatocytes were observed accompanying in some animals with focal necrosis, and that the liver dysfunction was suggested at 1000 mg/kg/day ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (Access on Jan. 2011)). Overall, since the deleterious effects or their signs on the kidneys and the liver were noted at the dose levels of 100 mg/kg/day (converted value as that of 90-day study: 31.1 mg/kg/day; equivalent to Category 2) or more, the substance was classified as Category 2 (kidney, liver). In addition, these changes seen in the kidneys and the liver were shown to trends of recovery by the cessation of administration except for that of the renal papillae.
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible - - - - No data available.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Acute） Category 1 Warning H400: Very toxic to aquatic life P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P391: Collect spillage.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Classified into Category 1 from its 72h-ErC50 = 0.15 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) (Test for the Ecological Effect of Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment), 1999).
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Long-term） Category 1 Warning H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P391: Collect spillage.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Classified into Category 1 since its acute toxicity is Category 1 and it is not rapidly degradable (Non-biodegradable, BOD degradation rate: 0% (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 2003)).
12 Hazardous to the ozone layer Classification not possible - - - - This substance is not listed in Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference：
Reference Manual
Definitions / Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW

 MHLW Website （in Japanese Only）
Model SDS by MHLW

 MHLW Website （in Japanese Only）

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