GHS Classification Result

Chemical Name：n-Undecane
CAS：1120-21-4

Result：
ID: 22A4137
Classifier: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare （MHLW）, Ministry of the Environment （MOE）
Year Classified: FY2010
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.
2 Flammable gases （including chemically unstable gases） Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products.
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Category 3 Warning H226: Flammable liquid and vapour P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN （or hair）: Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P370+P378: In case of fire: Use ... for extinction.
P403+P235: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P210: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.
P233: Keep container tightly closed.
P240: Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241: Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/.../equipment.
P242: Use only non-sparking tools.
P243: Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		The flash point measured by the open-cup method is 65 degC (145 degF) (HSDB (2003)), which is assumed to fall within the range of 23 - 60 degC by the prescribed closed-cup method. Therefore, the substance is classified into Category 3. In addition, it is rated as Class 3, PGIII (IMDG; flash point 60 degC (closed-cup)) by the UN2330 (n-undecane).
7 Flammable solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not classified - - - - Since its autoignition temperature is 240 degC (Hommel (1996)), it is considered that the substance does not ignite at room temperature.
10 Pyrophoric solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available.
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no oxygen, fluorine or chlorine.
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure.
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible - - - - No data available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity （Oral） Not classified - - - - Based on the rat LD50 value for both sex of > 2000 mg/kg and no mortality at the dose levels ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (Access on Aug. 2010)), the substance was classified as "Not classified".
1 Acute toxicity （Dermal） Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Gases） Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Vapours） Classification not possible - - - - The rat LC50 value of > 442 ppm/8hrs (= 625 ppm/4hrs) was reported (EHC 187 (1996)). Since the value did not provide the basis for the classification, the classification was not possible. As the test concentration (442 ppm) was less than 90% of the saturated vapor pressure concentration (542 ppm), the criterion values for gas were adopted.
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Dusts and mists） Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Classification not possible - - - - In the human case of occupational exposure to undecane, skin irritation was reported (PATTY, 5th (2001)). On the other hands, 30% solution of the substance caused no irritation when applied to skin for 24 hours (HSDB (2010)). In the skin irritation tests in rabbits, intensity of the irritation was strongest for tetradecane, followed by heptadecane, dodecane, and undecane (HSDB (2010)). However, details on these documents were unknown, and thus, the substance was classified as "Classification not possible".
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Classification not possible - - - - In the human case of occupational exposure to undecane, eye irritation was reported (PATTY, 5th (2001)), but the classification was not possible due to insufficient data available.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Classification not possible - - - - The classification was not possible due to lack of in vivo test data. As relevant information, as for in vitro studies, negative results in the Ames test and in the chromosome aberration test using CHL/IU cells were reported ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council), (Access on Aug. 2010)).
6 Carcinogenicity Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
7 Reproductive toxicity Classification not possible - - - - In the combined repeated oral dose toxicity study with the reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test in rats (OECD TG 422, GLP-compliant), the highest dose induced general toxicity of parental animals such as salivation and suppression of body weight gain. However, there was no influence in the examinations for reproductive performance, delivery or maternal behavior of dams, and no effects were noted in viability, general condition or findings in autopsy of offspring ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council), (Access on Aug. 2010)). However, since there was no information about developmental effects on offspring, the classification was not possible.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 3 （Respiratory tract irritation） Warning H335: May cause respiratory irritation (respiratory tract irritation) P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		In the acute oral toxicity study in rats (OECD TG 401, GLP-compliant), no deaths occurred and no test substance (undecane) related effects on clinical signs, body weight change, macroscopic or microscopic examinations were observed in both sexes at the dose of 2000 mg/kg ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (Access on Aug. 2010)). From the information, the classification corresponded to "Not classified" category for oral route. However, since the substance was reported to be irritating to the mucous membranes and the upper respiratory tract (PATTY, 5th (2001)), the substance was classified as Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Classification not possible - - - - In the combined repeated dose oral toxicity study with the reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test in rats (OECD TG 422, GLP-compliant), salivation was observed in groups at 300 mg/kg/day or higher, and the changes of some parameters in hematology and clinical chemistry and increase in the liver weight were observed in the group at 1000 mg/kg/day. No effects by treatment with the test substance (undecane) were detected in both macroscopic and microscopic examinations ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (Access on Aug. 2010)). Therefore, based on no serious toxic effects at 300 mg/kg (converted dose level as that of 90-day study: approx. 150 mg/kg/day; over the upper limit of the guidance values (100 mg/kg)), classification was equivalent to "Not classified" category for oral route. The classification for specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposure) was, however, determined as "Classification not possible" due to no available data for the other routes.
10 Aspiration hazard Category 1 Danger H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways P301+P310: IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P331: Do NOT induce vomiting.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		This substance was classified as Category 1 because it was a hydrocarbon having the coefficient of kinematic viscosity of < 7 mm2/s at 40 degrees centigrade (GESTIS (Access on Aug. 2010)), namely, 20.5 mm2/s or less. As relevant information, it was reported in the human case that direct aspiration into the lungs of paraffin's with carbon numbers C6 to C16 may cause chemical pneumonitis, pulmonary edema and hemorrhaging (HSDB (2003))

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Acute） Category 1 Warning H400: Very toxic to aquatic life P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P391: Collect spillage.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Classified into Category 1 from its 48h-EC50 = 0.011 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (Test for the Ecological Effect of Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment), 2004).
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Long-term） Category 1 Warning H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P391: Collect spillage.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Classified into Category 1 since its acute toxicity is Category 1 and it is suspected that its bioaccumulation potential is high from LogPow = 6.5 (PHYSPROP Database, 2011).
12 Hazardous to the ozone layer Classification not possible - - - - This substance is not listed in Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference：
Reference Manual
Definitions / Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW

 MHLW Website （in Japanese Only）
Model SDS by MHLW

 MHLW Website （in Japanese Only）

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