GHS Classification Result （Revision of the past classification result）

Chemical Name：Nickel (II) oxide
CAS：1313-99-1

Result：
ID: 21C0017
Classifier: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare （MHLW）, Ministry of the Environment （MOE）
Year Classified: FY2009
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.
2 Flammable gases （including chemically unstable gases） Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products.
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
7 Flammable solids Not classified - - - - Not combustible (ICSC (2004))
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
10 Pyrophoric solids Not classified - - - - The substance is "Not combustible" (ICSC (2004)) and it does not spontaneously ignite on contact with room temperature air.
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Not classified - - - - Not combustible (ICSC (2004))
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not classified - - - - The substance is insoluble in water through it is a metal compound (Merck (14th, 2006)).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
14 Oxidizing solids Classification not possible - - - - Classification is not possible since no data are available though the substance is inorganic compound containing oxygen (but not fluorine or chlorine).
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Inorganic compound
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity （Oral） Not classified - - - - Based on a LD50 value of >5000 mg/kg for rats (ECETOC TR33 (1989)), the substance was classified into "Not classified".
1 Acute toxicity （Dermal） Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Gases） Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Vapours） Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Dusts and mists） Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
4 Respiratory sensitization Category 1 Danger H334: May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled P304+P341: IF INHALED: If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P342+P311: If experiencing respiratory symptoms: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P285: In case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Since nickel and its compounds are classified into Category 2 for respiratory tract sensitizer in Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH) (Recommendations for allowable concentrations (2008)) and respiratory tract sensitizer in DFG (MAK/BAT No.43 (2007)), the substance was classified into Category 1.
4 Skin sensitization Category 1 Warning H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P333+P313: If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P272: Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P321: Specific treatment （see ... on this label）.
P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Since nickel and its compounds are classified into R43 in EU classification, Category 1 for skin sensitizer in Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), (Recommendations for allowable concentrations (2008)) and skin sensitizer in DFG (MAK/BAT No. 43 (2007)), the substance was classified into Category 1.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Not classified - - - - Based on negative results in bone marrow and peripheral blood micronucleus tests by inhalation exposure to mice (in vivo somatic cell mutagenicity test) (NTP DB (access on January. 2009)) and micronucleus test by oral or intraperitoneal administration to mice and rats (ATSDR (2005)), the substance was classified as "Not classified". As relevant information, from in vitro mutagenicity tests, there are reports of a positive CHO cell gene mutation test (ATSDR (2005)), a negative human peripheral lymphocyte chromosomal aberration test (EHC 108 (1991)) and a negative Ames test (NTP DB (access on January 2009)).
6 Carcinogenicity Category 1A Danger H350: May cause cancer P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Based on the classifications of "Group 1" in IARC (IARC 49 (1990)), "A1" in ACGIH (ACGIH (2001)), "Carcinogenicity. Category 1" in EU classification (EU-Annex I (2009)) and "1" in Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH) (Recommendations for allowable concentrations (2008)), the substance was classified into Category 1A.
7 Reproductive toxicity Classification not possible - - - - In developmental toxicity tests in rats by inhalation exposure during the organogenesis period, no adverse effect except for decreased fetal weight was observed at dose levels in which reduced body weight gain was observed in parental animals (ATSDR (2005)). Classification was not possible due to lack of data for sexual function and fertility.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (respiratory system) Danger H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (respiratory system) P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		It was reported that a high risk of mortality from respiratory disease is found among workers exposed occupationally to nickel oxides and metal nickel at concentrations of 0.04 mg/m3 and higher. In addition, rhinitis, sinusitis, nasal septal perforations and dysplasia of the nasal mucosa were reported in nickel refinery and nickel plating workers (Risk assessment report of nickel and nickel compounds (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare) (2009)). Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 1 (respiratory system). For animals, in a 13-week inhalation test with rats, lung granulomatous inflammation, lymphoid hyperplasia in bronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes were noted at a dose level of 0.004 mg Ni/L which is within the guidance value range for Category 1 (ATSDR (2005)). In a 104-week inhalation test with rats, alveolar squamous metaplasia, alveolar epithelial hyperplasia and fibrosis in the lung were present at 0.0006 mg/L which is within the guidance value range for Category 1 (NTP TR-451 (1996)). In a 104-week inhalation test with mice, inflammation in the lung, and lymphoid hyperplasia in the bronchial lymph node were noted at dose levels within the guidance value range for Category 1 (NTP TR-451 (1996)). Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 1 (respiratory system).
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible - - - - No data available.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Acute） Not classified - - - - Classified into Not classified since it is suggested that the toxicity is not shown at its water solubility (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (Preliminary version), 2006)) from its 48h-EC50 >100 mg/L for Crustacea (Daphnia magna) (IUCLID, 2000), etc.
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Long-term） Category 4 - - H413: May cause long lasting harmful effects to aquatic life P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Classified into Category 4 since it is a metal compound and its behavior in water and bioaccumulative potential are unknown though its acute toxicity has not been reported at or lower concentration than water solubility.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference：
Reference Manual
Definitions / Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW

 MHLW Website （in Japanese Only）
Model SDS by MHLW

 MHLW Website （in Japanese Only）

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