NITE - Chemical Management Field

GHS Classification Result （Revision of the past classification result）

Chemical Name：1,2-Dichloroethane
CAS：107-06-2

Result：


ID:	21B3134
Classifier:	Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare （MHLW）, Ministry of the Environment （MOE）
Year Classified:	FY2009
Reference Manual:	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Symbol	Signal word	Hazard statement	Precautionary statement	Rationale for the classification
1	Explosives	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.
2	Flammable gases （including chemically unstable gases）	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
3	Aerosols	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Not aerosol products.
4	Oxidizing gases	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
5	Gases under pressure	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
6	Flammable liquids	Category 2		Danger	H225: Highly flammable liquid and vapour	P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN （or hair）: Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. P370+P378: In case of fire: Use ... for extinction. P403+P235: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. P210: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking. P233: Keep container tightly closed. P240: Ground/bond container and receiving equipment. P241: Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/.../equipment. P242: Use only non-sparking tools. P243: Take precautionary measures against static discharge. P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	Classified into Category 2 since flash point is 13 degC (ICSC (2005)) and boiling point is 101 degC. The substance is classified into Class 3, PG II in UNRTDG (UN1165).
7	Flammable solids	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified	-	-	-	-	Auto-ignition point is 413 degC (ICSC (1995)) exceeding 70 degC.
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available.
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	The substance is an organic compound containing chlorine which is chemically bonded only to carbon or hydrogen.
14	Oxidizing solids	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
15	Organic peroxides	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	No data available. Information is available that the substance corrodes iron and other metals on contact with water at high temperature (HSDB (2005)).

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Symbol	Signal word	Hazard statement	Precautionary statement	Rationale for the classification
1	Acute toxicity （Oral）	Category 4		Warning	H302: Harmful if swallowed	P301+P312: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P330: Rinse mouth. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	Based on LD50 values of 680 mg/kg (EHC 62 (1987)), 850 mg/kg (EHC 62 (1987)), 967 mg/kg (SIDS (2002)) and 794 mg/kg (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) (2005)) for rats, the substance was classified into Category 4.
1	Acute toxicity （Dermal）	Not classified	-	-	-	-	Based on LD50 values of 4890 mg/kg (SIDS (2002)) and 2800 mg/kg (JECFA (1970)) for rabbits, the substance was classified as "Not classified" in JIS Classification (correspond to Category 5 in GHS classification).
1	Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Gases）	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
1	Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Vapours）	Category 3		Danger	H331: Toxic if inhaled	P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P311: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. P321: Specific treatment （see ... on this label）. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	Based on LC50 values of 4 mg/L (4-hour equivalence: 1235 ppm) (EHC 62 (1987)), 6.6 mg/L (4-hour equivalence: 2199 ppm) (EHC 62 (1987)), 3.29 mg/L (4-hour equivalence: 1285 ppm) (SIDS (2002)), 6.77 mg/L (4-hour equivalence: 2048 ppm) (SIDS (2002)), 12000 ppm (4-hour equivalence: 4368 ppm) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 3 (2005)), 3000 ppm (4-hour equivalence: 2487 ppm) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 3 (2005)) and 1000 ppm (4-hour equivalence: 1342 ppm) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 3 (2005)) for rats, the substance was classified into Category 3 since 6 of 7 LC50 values were in this category. Since the values were lower than 90% of saturated vapour pressure concentration (103,816 ppmV), the classification criteria for gas (ppm) was adopted.
1	Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Dusts and mists）	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	No data available.
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Not classified	-	-	-	-	Based on a report of "not to mildly irritating" following 4-hour application in a rabbit skin irritation test (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) No. 3 (2004)) and a report that "overall, topically applied DCE produced no or only slight irritation to skin" (SIDS (2002)), the substance was classified as "Not classified" in JIS Classification (correspond to Category 3 in GHS classification).
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 2B	-	Warning	H320: Causes eye irritation	P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.	In humans, "eye contact with the substance causes pain, irritation and lacrimation, and severe disorders may occur when the eyes are not immediately washed out" (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) No. 3 (2004)). In two rabbit eye irritation tests, there are reports of "mildly irritating" and "no irritating" (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) No. 3 (2004)). Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 2B.
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	No data available.
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	No data available.
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Category 2		Warning	H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects	P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention. P201: Obtain special instructions before use. P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. P281: Use personal protective equipment as required. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	Based on results from in vivo tests, (a weakly positive mouse spot test (EHC 176 (1995)), a positive mouse bone marrow sister chromatid exchange test (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) No. 3 (2004)), a positive comet test, a positive DNA damage test and a positive DNA binding test (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) No. 3 (2004), JECFA (1993))), the substance was classified into Category 2. As relevant information, negative results are reported in dominant lethal test (SIDS (2002), IARC 71 (1999)) and mouse peripheral blood micronucleus test (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) No. 3 (2004), JECFA (1993), NTP DB (access on Jul. 2009)). From in vitro mutagenicity tests, there are reports of positive bacterial reverse mutation tests (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) No. 3 (2004), NTP DB (access on Jul. 2009)), gene mutation test (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) No. 3 (2004)), chromosomal aberration test (NTP DB (access on Jul. 2009)) and human lymphocyte micronucleus test (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) No. 3 (2004)).
6	Carcinogenicity	Category 2		Warning	H351: Suspected of causing cancer	P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention. P201: Obtain special instructions before use. P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. P281: Use personal protective equipment as required. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	Based on the classifications of "2B" in IARC (IARC (1999)), "B2" in EPA (IRIS (2008)) and "R" in NTP (NTP (2005)), the substance was classified into Category 2. In a 104-week inhalation test in rats, increased incidences of fibroadenoma in the mammary gland, fibroma in the subcutaneous tissue and mesothelioma in the peritoneum were observed in the males and increased incidences of adenocarcinoma, adenoma and fibroadenoma in the mammary gland and fibroma in the subcutaneous tissue were observed in the females. The results indicated the carcinogenicity of 1,2-dichloroethane in male and female F344/DuCrj (Fischer) rats. In a 104-week inhalation test in mice, an increased incidence of angiosarcoma in the liver was observed in the males and increased incidences of adenocarcinoma in the mammary gland, bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma and adenoma in the lung, hepatocellular adenoma and endometrial stromal polyp in the uterus were observed in the females. The results indicated the carcinogenicity of 1,2-dichloroethane in male and female Crj:BDF1 mice (Results from Carcinogenicity tests (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare) (1991)). The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare has made a public announcement on guidelines in order to prevent the impairment of worker's health based on Industrial Safety and Health Act Article 28-3 (1993).
7	Reproductive toxicity	Not classified	-	-	-	-	Since in a two-generation reproductive test in mice administered in drinking water, no treatment-related effect on fertility, pup viability, pup weight gain or teratogenicity was observed (IARC 71 (1999)), the substance was classified as "Not classified". The two-generation reproductive test was used as the basis for the determination of classification since the reproductive toxicity is more extensively evaluated.
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (central nervous system, blood, liver, kidney, respiratory system, cardiovascular system), Category 3 (narcotic effects)		Danger Warning	H370: Causes damage to organs (central nervous system, blood, liver, kidney, respiratory system, cardiovascular system) H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness (narcotic effects)	P307+P311: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P321: Specific treatment （see ... on this label）. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.	In human exposure cases there are reports of "crouching, stupor, staggering, hyperactivity, tremors, somnolence, clouding of consciousness, nephropathy and liver cirrhosis" (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) No. 3 (2004)) and "cardiovascular disorders, haematological effects, irritation and inflammation of the respiratory tract" (EHC 176 (1995)). The central nervous system, blood system, liver, kidney, respiratory system and cardiovascular system are considered to be target organs. In rats, decrease in locomotor activity and gait ataxia following oral exposure, and narcotic effects following inhalation exposure (dosage unknown) are reported (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 3 (2005)). Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 1 (central nervous system, blood system, liver, kidney, respiratory system, cardiovascular system) and Category 3 (narcotic effects). Among findings noted in dead cases, any change which was considered to be due to secondary effects were not used as the basis of classification.
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (nervous system, liver, thyroid, kidney, blood)		Danger	H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (nervous system, liver, thyroid, kidney, blood)	P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	In human exposure cases there are reports of "neurosis, myeloradiculitis, liver and bile duct diseases, dysautomonia, goiter, hyperthyroidism and asthenia" (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) No. 3 (2004)); "neurosis, dysfunction in the liver and kidney" (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 3 (2005)); and "leukopenia and monocytosis" (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 3 (2005)). In animals, there are reports of "reversible change in renal tubular epithelium" in rats following 13-week of oral dosing (male: 86 mg/kg, female: 102 mg/kg) (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) No. 3 (2004)) and "necrosis in the middle layer of hepatic lobule and cytoplasmic swelling in the liver and moderate bile duct proliferation" in rats following 30-day inhalation exposure (90-day equivalent: 0.65 mg/L). Nervous system, liver, thyroid, kidney and blood were considered to be target organs. Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 1 (nervous system, liver, thyroid, kidney, blood).
10	Aspiration hazard	Category 1		Danger	H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways	P301+P310: IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. P331: Do NOT induce vomiting. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	Based on reports that "inhalation may cause pulmonary edema, and swallowing may cause chemical pneumonitis" (Initial Environmental Risk Assessment of Chemicals (Ministry of Environment) vol. 2 (2003)) and "the respiratory effects exhibited by individuals who died following acute oral exposure to the substance include congestion, pulmonary edema, dyspnea, and bronchitis. The pulmonary pneumonitis may were chemical pneumonitis" (ATSDR (2001)), the substance was classified into Category 1.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Symbol	Signal word	Hazard statement	Precautionary statement	Rationale for the classification
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Acute）	Category 2	-	-	H401: Toxic to aquatic life	P273: Avoid release to the environment. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	Classified into Category 2 from its 72h-LC50 = 6900 microg/L for Crustacea (Artemia) (Initial Environmental Risk Assessment of Chemicals (Ministry of the Environment), Vol. 2, 2003).
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Long-term）	Category 2		-	H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects	P273: Avoid release to the environment. P391: Collect spillage. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	Classified into Category 2 since its acute toxicity is Category 2 and it is not rapidly degradable (Non-biodegradable, BOD degradation rate: 0% (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1978)).
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	This substance is not listed in Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.

NOTE:

* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference：

Reference Manual
Definitions / Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW	MHLW Website （in Japanese Only）
Model SDS by MHLW	MHLW Website （in Japanese Only）