GHS Classification Result (Revision of the past classification result)

Chemical Name:n-Heptane
CAS:142-82-5

Result:
ID: 21B3055
Classifier: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
Year Classified: FY2009
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government (March, 2009)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Category 2 Danger H225: Highly flammable liquid and vapour P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P370+P378: In case of fire: Use ... for extinction.
P403+P235: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P210: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.
P233: Keep container tightly closed.
P240: Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241: Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/.../equipment.
P242: Use only non-sparking tools.
P243: Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Flash point -4 degC (Merck (14th, 2006)) is <23 degC and initial boiling point 98.4 degC (Merck (14th, 2006)) is >35 degC. The substance is classified into Class 3, PG II in UNRTDG.
7 Flammable solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not classified - - - - Auto-ignition point is 204 degC (NFPA (12th, 1997)) exceeding 70 degC.
10 Pyrophoric solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available.
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no oxygen, fluorine or chlorine
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible - - - - No data available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Not classified - - - - Based on a LD50 value of 5000 mg/kg bw for mice (IUCLID (2000)) and a lethal dose of >1.5 g/kg for mice (HSDB (2006)), the substance was classified into "Not classified".
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Not classified - - - - Based on a LD50 value of 3000 mg/kg for rabbits (IUCLID (2000)), the substance was classified as "Not classified" in JIS Classification (correspond to Category 5 in GHS classification).
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Not classified - - - - Based on a LC50 value of 25,184 ppm/4h for rats (PATTY 4th, 1994), the substance was classified as "Not classified" in JIS Classification (correspond to Category 5 or "Not classified" in GHS classification). The saturated vapour pressure concentration is 60,526 ppmV.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 2 Warning H315: Causes skin irritation P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P332+P313: If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P362: Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
There is a report that skin contact for 1-hour led to irritation and dermatitis in humans (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)). Direct exposure to the skin can produce pain, burn and itching, and the recovery may take a little time (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH) Recommendations for allowable concentrations (1988)). Additionally, the substance is classified into R38 in EU classification (EU-Annex I (No. 689/2008)). Based on these data, the substance was classified into Category 2.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2B - Warning H320: Causes eye irritation P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
Based on a result of "slightly irritating" in a rabbit test (IUCLID (2000)), the substance was classified into Category 2B.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Classification not possible - - - - Classification not possible due to lack of data from in vivo mutagenicity tests. From in vitro mutagenicity tests, there are reports of a negative Ames test and a negative rat liver cell chromosomal aberration test (IRIS (access on Nov. 2005), IUCLID (2000)).
6 Carcinogenicity Not classified - - - - Based on the classification of "D" in EPA (IRIS (2005)), the substance was classified as "Not classified".
7 Reproductive toxicity Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 3 (Narcotic effects, Respiratory tract irritation) Warning H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness (narcotic effects, respiratory tract irritation) P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
It is reported that inhalation concentrations of the substance of 10,000 to 15,000 ppm produced narcosis in mice (ACGIH (7th, 2001)). Inhalation of heptane by human volunteers led to dose-dependent acute central nervous system depression, beginning with slight dizziness after exposure to a concentration of 1000 ppm for 6 minutes (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)). Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 3 (narcotic effects). In a mouse inhalation test, the irritation effect on the upper respiratory passages was recorded as the reduction in respiratory rate, which is triggered by reflex stimulation of receptors in the trigeminal nerve endings in the nasal mucous membranes (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)). In addition, irritation to the respiratory system and mucosa is reported in humans (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH) Recommendations for allowable concentrations (1998), PATTY (5th, 2001)). The substance was classified into Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Classification not possible - - - - There are reports of significant reduction in auditory brain stem response in rats following inhalation exposure of the substance for 28 days (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)) and changes in bladder weight in rats following oral dosing for 13 weeks (HSDB (2006)). These findings were observed at dose levels exceeding the upper limit of the guidance value range. In humans occupationally exposed, adverse effects including polyneuropathy, decrease in motor nerve conduction velocity, paresthesia/paralysis in the limbs, myasthenia, muscle spasm and dizziness were reported. However, it is reported that since the exposure was to a mixture of substances including n-heptane, it is not possible to evaluate the effects of n-heptane conclusively from this test (ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)). Based on the reasons reported above, adequate animal and human data required for classification are not available.
10 Aspiration hazard Category 1 Danger H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways P301+P310: IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P331: Do NOT induce vomiting.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Since the substance is a hydrocarbon with a kinematic viscosity of 20.5 mm2/s or less at 40 degC, extrapolated from a kinematic viscosity of 0.61 mm2/s at 20 degC (calculated from a viscosity coefficient of 0.4169 mPas at 20 degC (Ullmanns (E) (5th, 1995) A13) and has a density of 0.68376 g/cm3 (Ullmanns (E) (5th, 1995) A13)), it was classified into Category 1.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Category 1 Warning H400: Very toxic to aquatic life P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P391: Collect spillage.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Classified into Category 1 from its 96h-LC50 = 0.1 mg/L for Crustacea (Mysid shrimp) (HSDB, 2006).
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Category 1 Warning H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P391: Collect spillage.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Classified into Category 1 since its acute toxicity is Category 1 and high bioaccumulative potential is estimated (log Kow = 4.66 (PHYSPROP Database, 2009)).
12 Hazardous to the ozone layer Classification not possible - - - - This substance is not listed in Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference:
Reference Manual

Definitions / Abbreviations

Model Label by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)

Model SDS by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)


To GHS Information