GHS Classification Result (Revision of the past classification result)

Chemical Name:2-Chloro-1,3-butadiene
CAS:126-99-8

Result:
ID: 21B3007
Classifier: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
Year Classified: FY2009
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government (March, 2009)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Category 2 Danger H225: Highly flammable liquid and vapour P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P370+P378: In case of fire: Use ... for extinction.
P403+P235: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P210: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.
P233: Keep container tightly closed.
P240: Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241: Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/.../equipment.
P242: Use only non-sparking tools.
P243: Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Classified into Category 2 since flash point -20 degC (Hommel (1996)) is <23 degC and initial boiling point 59 degC (NFPA (13th, 2002)) is >35 degC.
7 Flammable solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Type G - - - - Classified into Type G since the substance containing stabilizers (hydroquinone or phenothiazine) is classified into Class 3, Subsidiary risk 6.1 PG I in UNRTDG (UN1991) though there are chemical groups (unsaturated C=C)) associated with self-reactive properties present in the molecules.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not classified - - - - Auto-ignition point is 440 degC (Hommel (1996)) exceeding 70 degC.
10 Pyrophoric solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available.
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - The substance contains chlorine (but not oxygen) which is chemically bonded only to carbon.
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible - - - - No data available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 3 Danger H301: Toxic if swallowed P301+P310: IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P330: Rinse mouth.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on LD50 values of 251 mg/kg and 450 mg/kg for rats (SIDS (1998)), the lower value was adopted and the substance was classified into Category 3.
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Category 2 Danger H310: Fatal in contact with skin P302+P350: IF ON SKIN: Gently wash with plenty of soap and water.
P262: Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P310: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P322: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P361: Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on a LD50 value of 200 mg/kg for rats (SIDS (1998)), the substance was classified into Category 2.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Category 3 Danger H331: Toxic if inhaled P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P311: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on LC50 values of 11.8 mg/L (3259 ppmV) (SIDS (1998)) and 8.2 mg/L (2264 ppmV) (IARC 19 (1979)) for rats, the lower value was adopted and the substance was classified into Category 3. Since saturated vapour pressure concentration was 282,895 ppmV, the classification criteria for gas was adopted.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 2 Warning H315: Causes skin irritation P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P332+P313: If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P362: Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
Based on a report that after occlusive application to the skin of rabbits, mild to moderate erythema with edema was observed at 24-hour, and mild to moderate erythema persisted until 48-hour (SIDS (1998)), the substance was classified into Category 2. As relevant information, the substance is classified into Xi; R36/37/38 in EU classification.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2 Warning H319: Causes serious eye irritation P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
Based on a report that conjunctivitis lasted for 10 days in a rabbit test (SIDS (1998)) and classification as Xi; R36/37/38 in EU classification, the substance was classified into Category 2.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Classification not possible - - - - There are conflicting results (positive at low concentrations and negative in high concentrations) in dominant lethal tests by inhalation exposure to mice and rats (in vivo heritable germ cell mutagenicity test) (SIDS (1998)). In addition, the results of mouse and rat bone marrow chromosomal aberration tests and micronucleus tests (in vivo somatic cell mutagenicity tests) are contradictory (SIDS (1998)). A possible explanation for the positive results may be presence of unknown impurities in the test substance. Additional investigations are required to evaluate the germ cell mutagenicity of the substance (SIDS (1998)). Classification was not possible due to lack of data.
6 Carcinogenicity Category 2 Warning H351: Suspected of causing cancer P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on the classification of "Group 2B" in IARC (IARC 71 (1999)), the substance was classified into Category 2. In 2-year inhalation tests in rats and mice (NTP TR467 (1998)), the incidences of neoplasms were significantly increased in the oral cavity, thyroid gland, lung, kidney and mammary gland of rats, and the lung, circulatory system, Harderian gland, forestomach, skin and mammary gland of mice. The substance is classified into "Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen" in NTP (NTP ROC 11th (2000)). Additionally, the substance is classified into Category 2 in EU classification, however, the EU classification was not used for GHS classification since the evidence supporting the classification is not available. Classification in DFG (MAK) is Category 2 (Substances that are considered to be carcinogenic for man) (MAK/BAT (2007)).
7 Reproductive toxicity Category 2 Warning H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Meningoencephaloceles was observed in rats following inhalation or oral exposure during gestation (IARC 19 (1979)). An increase in resorptions, increased embryo toxicity and teratogenic effects (reduced length of the diaphase of the femur and fibula, hydrocephalus) were observed following inhalation exposure (SIDS (1998), ACGIH (2001)). Exposure to male rats and mice resulted in sterility or impotence (ACGIH (2001)). There are marked disparities among reported test results, therefore, the weight of evidence for teratogenicity and reproductive toxicity is very limited and insufficient (ACGIH (2001)). The substance was classified into Category 2 since there is no sufficient evidence to classify it in Category 1. On IARC monographs (1979), cases of children born with physical and mental defects are reported for women working in a chloroprene factory. Additionally, a threefold excess of miscarriage by the wives of workers occupationally exposed to chloroprene were reported (IARC 19 (1979)). These findings are not found in other IARC monographs (1999). This same data are reported in other documents (ACGIH (2001) and NTP TR467 (1998)), however, these documents reported that the methods used to gather data in these tests were questioned. In addition, there is a report in SIDS (1998) that there were not enough reliable data available to draw meaningful conclusions for the substance. These human case reports were not used as the basis of classification.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (central nervous system, respiratory system, liver, kidney) Danger H370: Causes damage to organs (central nervous system, respiratory system, liver, kidney) P307+P311: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Liver injury was observed in rats exposed via inhalation to 225 ppm (0.810 mg/L) and higher concentrations (IARC 71 (1999)). In another test, markedly more hepatotoxicity with increased hepatic enzyme activity was reported at 500 ppm (1.810 mg/L) and higher concentrations (IARC 71 (1999)). Oral administration to rats produced CNS depression (PATTY (5th, 2001)). In rats respiratory failure by inhalation exposure was reported (IARC 71 (1999)). In humans, there is a report that the symptoms of acute inhalation exposure include nervous system depression, and injury to the lungs, liver and kidney (IARC 71 (1999)), but there is no report of detailed symptoms of CNS depression or a report associated with narcotic effects. Since the above effects were observed in rats at dose levels within the guidance value range for Category 1 and the effects were also observed in human cases, the substance was classified into Category 1 (central nervous system, respiratory system, liver, kidney).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (liver, blood, nervous system, stomach, respiratory system, cardiovascular system) Danger H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (liver, blood, nervous system, stomach, respiratory system, cardiovascular system) P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Because following inhalation exposure to rats for 4-week, midzonal liver degeneration and necrosis were noted at a dose level of 160 ppm (0.579 mg/L, 90-day equivalence: 0.178 mg/L) and higher concentrations which are within the guidance value range for Category 1 (PATTY (5th, 2001)), the substance was classified into Category 1 (liver). Additionally, there are other reports of liver toxicity: a significant increase in the incidence of hepatocellular necrosis in rats following inhalation exposure to 200 ppm (0.724 mg/L) for 13-week (NTP TR467 (1998)) and observation of liver damage or jaundice in dogs and guinea pigs exposed via inhalation (SIDS (2009)). For the blood system, inhalation exposure of rats for 13-week at concentration of 200 ppm (0.724 mg/L) produced normocytic, normochromic anemia (NTP TR467 (1998)), and inhalation exposure of mice for 13-week at concentrations of 32 ppm (0.116 mg/L) and higher produced significant decreases in hematocrit values and erythrocyte counts and a change in platelet counts (IARC 19 (1979)). Since these effects were observed at dose levels within the guidance value range for Category 1, the substance was classified into Category 1 (blood system). For the nervous systems, 44% of patients with chronic chloroprene poisoning had pathological changes in the (cardiovascular and) nervous systems and symptoms such as dizziness and insomnia were reported (IARC 19 (1979)). It was reported that decreased blood cholinesterase activity occurred due to occupational exposure (IARC 19 (1979)). In rats, symptoms such as low motor activity, restlessness and lethargy were observed following exposure. Based on the information, the substance was classified into Category 1 (nervous systems). For the stomach, in a 13-week inhalation test in mice (NTP TR467 (1998)), increased incidences of squamous epithelial hyperplasia of the forestomach occurred at dose levels of 80 ppm (0.290 mg/L) and higher concentrations. Additionally, there is a report that chronic exposure may result in gastrointestinal disorders (IARC 19 (1979)). Based on the information, the substance was classified into Category 1 (stomach). For the respiratory system, inhalation exposure to rats for 4-week (PATTY (5th, 2001)) induced tissue damage to the lung at dose levels of 160 ppm (0.579 mg/L, 90-day equivalence: 0.178 mg/L) and higher concentrations which are within the guidance value range for Category 1. In a 13-week inhalation test in rats (NTP TR467 (1998)), increased incidences of olfactory epithelial degeneration and respiratory metaplasia occurred at dose levels of 80 ppm (0.290 mg/L) and higher concentrations. Additionally, there is a report that chronic exposure may result in respiratory irritation. Based on the information, the substance was classified into Category 1 (respiratory system). For the cardiovascular system, based on a human case report that 44% of patients with chronic chloroprene poisoning had pathological changes in the cardiovascular and dystrophy of the myocardium (NTP TR467 (1998)), the substance was classified into Category 1 (cardiovascular system). Findings for the immune system were not used as the basis of classification, since the information was found in IARC monographs (1979) but not in other IARC monographs (1999) or other documents. The findings for the tooth/periodontal tissue were not used as the basis for classification since this information is only found in IARC 19 (1979) and introduction of NTP TR467 (1998) and not in other documents.
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible - - - - No data available.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Not classified - - - - Classified into Not classified from its 96h-LC50 = 245 mg/L for fish (Bluegill) (SIDS, 2003) and 48h-EC50 = 348 mg/L for Crustacea (Daphnia magna) (SIDS, 2003).
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Not classified - - - - Classified into Not classified since its acute toxicity is Not classified and it is not non-water soluble (Water solubility = 874.9 mg/L (PHYSPROP Database, 2009)).
12 Hazardous to the ozone layer Classification not possible - - - - This substance is not listed in Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference:
Reference Manual

Definitions / Abbreviations

Model Label by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)

Model SDS by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)


To GHS Information