GHS Classification Result

Chemical Name:Carbon dioxide
CAS:124-38-9

Result:
ID: 21A3541
Classifier: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
Year Classified: FY2009
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government (March, 2009)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - Gas (GHS definition)
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not classified - - - - Not combustible gas (IUCLID (2000))
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products.
4 Oxidizing gases Not classified - - - - Not oxidizing gases (IUCLID (2000))
5 Gases under pressure High pressure liquefied gas Warning H280: Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated P410+P403: Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place. Critical temperature is 31.3 degC (HSDB (2008)) between -50 degC and 65 degC.
6 Flammable liquids Not applicable - - - - Gas (GHS definition)
7 Flammable solids Not applicable - - - - Gas (GHS definition)
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable - - - - Gas (GHS definition)
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not applicable - - - - Gas (GHS definition)
10 Pyrophoric solids Not applicable - - - - Gas (GHS definition)
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Not applicable - - - - Gas (GHS definition)
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - Gas (GHS definition)
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Gas (GHS definition)
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable - - - - Gas (GHS definition)
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Gas (GHS definition)
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to gaseous substances are not available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not classified - - - - Based on a LC50 value of 470000 ppm/0.5h (167857 ppm/4h) (PATTY (5th, 2001)), this substance was classified as "Not classified".
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Not applicable - - - - Gas (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Not applicable - - - - Gas (GHS definition)
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
6 Carcinogenicity Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
7 Reproductive toxicity Classification not possible - - - - In a gestation period exposure test (Teratogenic (12th, 2007)), cardiac malformations such as transportation or ventricular outflow stenosis occurred in 23% of offsprings (6.8% in controls) following exposure to rats during a single gestational day. Defects of vertebral column occurred in 16/17 fetuses (1/30 in control) following exposure to rabbits between 7th and 12th day of gestation. Additionally, there is a report that ectrodactyly was observed in mice. However, these results are insufficient for classification since exposure concentrations were too high and there is no data for fertility. Classification was not possible due to lack of data.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 3 (Narcotic effects) Warning H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness (narcotic effects) P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on reports for human effects that carbon dioxide, when inhaled at elevated concentrations, may act to produce mild narcotic effects, and stimulation of the respiratory center (ACGIH (2001)), the substance was classified into Category 3 (narcotic effects). Case reports for two men who suddenly became unconscious from excessive carbon dioxide exposure are available. The reports indicate that repeated eye examinations showed constriction of visual fields, enlargement of blindspots, and photophobia. Headache, insomnia, and personality changes were also reported (HSDB (2008)). These symptoms were attributed to damage to retinal ganglion cells and central nervous system. Additionally, it is reported that exposure at 11% carbon dioxide can cause dysregulation and unconsciousness within 10 min, and exposure at 25 - 30 % can cause respiratory arrest, fall in blood pressure, loss of coma reflex, loss of sensation and death within a few hour (Japanese journal of industrial health vol. 15 No.3 (1974)).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Classification not possible - - - - In human exposure tests at 1.5% for a period of 42 days during exercise, mild evidence of stress reactions was apparent, but there were no measurable decrease in basic physiological functions or in psychomotor performance (ACGIH (2001)). In a test where submarine volunteers were exposed at 1% carbon dioxide for 22 days, only metabolic stress was indicated (ACGIH (2001)). Additionally, it is reported that deepened respiration was reported at 2%, respiratory resistance increased with elevation of carbon dioxide concentration and concentrations in excess of 3% was not well tolerated (ACGIH (2001)). Exposures at 3% in World War II submarines initially led to brief periods of excitation, followed by progressive depression, and subsequently cutaneous blood flow increased, core body temperature fell, blood pressure fell, and the rate of blood flow increased. Other indices of circulatory function were depressed, the rate of breathing was slowed, and mental functions were impaired (PATTY (5th, 2001)). Additionally, there is a report that acidosis and adrenal cortical exhaustion occur as the result of prolonged, continuous exposure to an atmosphere containing 1 to 2% carbon dioxide (ACGIH (2001)). The available information in respect to repeat exposure is limited and most of the data is obsolete. The findings lack consistency except for slight effects, therefore classification was not possible due to lack of data.
10 Aspiration hazard Not applicable - - - - Gas (GHS definition)

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Classification not possible - - - - Classification not possible due to lack of data.
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Classification not possible - - - - No data available.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference:
Reference Manual

Definitions / Abbreviations

Model Label by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)

Model SDS by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)


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