GHS Classification Result

Chemical Name:propanal; propionaldehyde
CAS:123-38-6

Result:
ID: 20A2187
Classifier: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
Year Classified: FY2008
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government (Sep, 2008)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products.
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Category 2 Danger H225: Highly flammable liquid and vapour P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P370+P378: In case of fire: Use ... for extinction.
P403+P235: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P210: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. ? No smoking.
P233: Keep container tightly closed.
P240: Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241: Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/.../equipment.
P242: Use only non-sparking tools.
P243: Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Its flash point is -30degC (Ullmanns (E) (6th, 2003) and its boiling point is 49degC (Merck (14th, 2006)). It is rated as UNRTDG Class 3 II.
7 Flammable solid Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not classified - - - - Its autoignition point is 207degC (Chapman (Ver. 16.1, 2008)), which is above 90degC.
10 Pyrophoric solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available.
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - The substance contains oxygen (but not fluorine or chlorine) which is chemically bonded only to carbon or hydrogen.
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to a liquid substance with its boiling point <= 55degC are not available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 4 Warning H302: Harmful if swallowed P301+P312: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P330: Rinse mouth.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Two LD50 values for rats, 800-1600 mg/kg and 1.7 g/kg (ACGIH (2002)), both fall under Category 4.
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Not classified - - - - Three LD50 values for rabbits, 5.0 ml/kg (= 4 g/kg), 2 g/kg for male, and 2.5 g/kg for female, have been documented from two different studies (ACGIH (2002)). Of these three values, two values fall under the "Not classified" category and one value falls under Category 4. Since majority of the values fall under "Not classified", the substance was classified into "Not classified" (Category 5 in the United Nations classification).
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Category 4 Warning H332: Harmful if inhaled P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
Its 30-minute LC50 of 62 mg/L for rats (4-hour conversion: 9228 ppm) (ACGIH (2002)) falls under Category 4. Since its saturated vapour pressure concentration is 417000 ppm, and the test was presumably conducted using vapour with almost no included mists, evaluation of the substance was carried out using cutoff values for gases.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 2 Warning H315: Causes skin irritation P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P332+P313: If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P362: Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
In a TSCA-compliant test in which test animals were exposed to 0.5 ml of the test substance for 4 hours using a closed system and observations were made for 14 days, necrosis of epidermis was noted and the substance was found to cause moderate to severe irritation (ACGIH (2002)). Based on these results, the substance was classified into Category 2. As additional background information, in a test in which rabbits underwent topical application of undiluted test substance that was kept under a seal for 24 hours, necrosis and severe edemas were noted (ACGIH (2002)).
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2A Warning H319: Causes serious eye irritation P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
The classification is based on the description that application of 0.1 ml of the test substance to the eyes of rabbits resulted in severe to moderate corneal irritation, and these symptoms healed in 10 days (ACGIH (2002)).
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible - - - - Although there is a report of a guinea pig Buehler test being conducted, results of the test are ambiguous (IUCLID (2000)). Thus, classification not possible due to insufficient data available.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Not classified - - - - The classification is based on the description that in vivo mutagenicity tests using somatic cells (micronucleus tests using bone marrow cells of mice that underwent intraperitoneal administration) gave negative results (ACGIH (2002)). It is also documented that Ames tests gave negative results (ACGIH (2002)) while chromosomal aberration tests using cultured mammalian cells gave positive results (IRIS (2006)).
6 Carcinogenicity Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
7 Reproductive toxicity Classification not possible - - - - In combined repeated dose toxicity study with the reproduction/developmental toxicity tests using rats (OECD TG), no effects of administration on reproduction indices (mating rate, pre- and post-implantation loss, and number of surviving offspring / litter size) and on neonates of up to 4 day old were not detected, while decreased body weights and food consumption rates were noted in parental animals (ACGIH (2002)). In addition, in developmental toxicity tests in which rats underwent inhalation exposure during the organogenetic period, no effects of exposure were noted on external appearance and body weights of offspring at the doses that caused decreased body weight gain and food consumption in parental animals (IRIS (2008)). Despite these negative results documented, the substance was classified into the "Classification not possible" category due to lack of test results on skeletal and visceral malformations.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 2 (respiratory system) Warning H371: May cause damage to organs (respiratory system) P309+P311: IF exposed or if you feel unwell: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
In inhalation exposure tests using rats that received 32-86 mg/L concentrations of the test substance for 30 minutes, 14 out of 40 treated rats died, and among survived rats, bronchitis and bronchial pneumonia were detected at concentrations that fall under Category 2 guidance concentrations in pathological examinations (ACGIH (2002)). Based on these results, the substance was classified into Category 2 (respiratory system).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Classification not possible - - - - In a 52-day inhalation exposure test using rats, vacuolization of olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity, which was reversible, was detected at 150 ppm (90-day conversion value: 0.206 mg/L), which falls under Category 2. Although no other abnormalities were detected in this study (ACGIH (2002)), it was a screening test focusing on reproduction and developmental toxicity. In a 4-week inhalation exposure test using rats, no abnormalities were found in blood biochemistry, urine, autopsy, and microscopic examinations at 90 ppm (90-day conversion value: 0.066 mg/L), which falls under Category 1 (BUA Report 195 (1996)). Despite these negative results documented, classification is not possible due to lack of test results focusing on other administration routes.
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible - - - - No data available.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Category 3 - - H402: Harmful to aquatic life P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Since its 96-hour LC50 = 14 mg/L for fish (fathead minnow) (IUCLID, 2000), the substance was classified into Category 3.
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Not classified - - - - Its classification for acute toxicity is Category 3, it is rapidly degradable (readily biodegradable, BOD degradability: 94% (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1990), and its potential for bioaccumulation is presumably low (log Kow = 0.59 (SRC, 2005)). Based on this information, the substance was classified into the "Not classified" category.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference:
Reference Manual

Definitions / Abbreviations

Model Label by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)

Model SDS by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)


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