GHS Classification Result

Chemical Name:1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone
CAS:88-12-0

Result:
ID: 7
Classifier: Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI)
Year Classified: FY2007
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Manual (10 Feb, 2006)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives - - - - - -
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) - - - - - -
3 Aerosols - - - - - -
4 Oxidizing gases - - - - - -
5 Gases under pressure - - - - - -
6 Flammable liquids - - - - - -
7 Flammable solids - - - - - -
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures - - - - - -
9 Pyrophoric liquids - - - - - -
10 Pyrophoric solids - - - - - -
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures - - - - - -
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases - - - - - -
13 Oxidizing liquids - - - - - -
14 Oxidizing solids - - - - - -
15 Organic peroxides - - - - - -
16 Corrosive to metals - - - - - -

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 4 Warning H302: Harmful if swallowed P301+P312: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P330: Rinse mouth.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on LD50 value =989 mg/kg obtained by application of the formula to LD50 value (834, 1,314, 1,043, 1,022, 1,700, and 2,500 mg/kg) of the rat indicated in NICNAS (2000) and EU-RAR (2003), it was classified into Category 4. In addition, EU-Annex I, which is Xn; R20/21/22-48/20, is equivalent to the GHS Category 3 to 4.
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Category 3 Danger H311: Toxic in contact with skin P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P322: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P361: Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
NICNAS (2000) has indicated that LD50 value of a rabbit is 560 mg/kg and LD50 value of a rat is 1,043-4,127 mg/kg. Based on LD50 value of a rabbit with a low value, it was classified into Category 3. In addition, EU-Annex I, which is Xn; R20/21/22-48/20, is equivalent to the GHS Category 3 to 4.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable - - - - Since it was a liquid by the definition of GHS, it was classified into "Not applicable".
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Classification not possible - - - - Classification not possible due to lack of data
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Category 4 Warning H332: Harmful if inhaled P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
Based on saturated vapor pressure level 12 Pa (EU-RAR (2003)) at 20degC, saturated vapor pressure at 20degC is 0.54 mg/L, and it was classified into Category 4 based on the report that LC50 value (4 hours) of rats was 3.07 mg/L (NICNAS (2000)). In addition, EU-Annex I, which is Xn; R20/21/22-48/20, is equivalent to the GHS Category 3 to 4.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Not classified - - - - Since it has been concluded not to be "skin irritation" based on the recent studies (HRC (1978) and BASF (1996) that observed almost no irritation with rats and guinea pig, it was classified into "Not classified", although severe skin irritation was observed in the previous tests with rabbit (BASF (1941,1953)) in EU-RAR (2003) and NICNAS (2000).
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1 Danger H318: Causes serious eye damage P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P310: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
NICNAS (2000) and EU-RAR (2003) report that the corneal opacity of a score 3 is seen in five of six rabbits and the symptom was not reversible. Therefore, it was classified into Category 1. In addition, EU-Annex I is Xi; R 37-41 and is equivalent to the GHS Category 1.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - Since there is no data, classification is not possible. In addition, it has been described in EU-RAR (2003) of Priority1 that respiratory sensitization is not predicted to be induced because of no skin sensitization and weak protein binding.
4 Skin sensitization Not classified - - - - It has been described in NICNAS (2000) of Priority1 that it does not correspond to the skin sensitizing substance from the results of Buehler test employing guinea pig. Therefore, it was classified into "Not classified".
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Not classified - - - - In EU-RAR (2003), it is reported that in vivo mutagenicity test employing somatic cells (mouse micronucleus test) and in vivo genotoxicity test employing somatic cells (rat DNA binded study) are negative, and chromosome aberration test employing the humans lymphocyte in vitro, the gene mutation testgene mutation test and Ames examination employing a mouse lymphoma cell, etc., are also negative. Therefore, it was classified into "Not classified".
6 Carcinogenicity Category 2 Warning H351: Suspected of causing cancer P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
IARC (1999), NICNAS (2000), and EU-RAR (2003) have reported the liver cell cancer, adenoma and glandular cancer of a nasal cavity, and the squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx in rats which were exposed by inhalation. Although IARC (1999) was defined as Goup 3 since the evidence of carcinogenicityity in animals was restrictive, EU-RAR (2003) and NICNAS (2000) are defined as Carcinogenicityity Category 3, R40 due to the fact that carcinogenesis tests have not been performed in animal species other than rats and that whether the carcinogenicityity is specific to the species (rats) cannot be determined, and also the fact that carcinogenicityity in humans cannot be denied only from the rat tumors since the carcinogenicity mechanism is not clear even though it is caused by nongenotoxic mechanism. Adopting the view of EU-RAR (2003) and NICNAS (2000), it was defined as Category 2. In addition, ACGIH (2003) reported that lung adenomas besides tumors in liver, nasal cavity, laryngeal were observed in the rats after inhalation exposure, and it was classified as A3, equivalent to the GHS Category 2.
7 Reproductive toxicity Not classified - - - - There are descriptions in EU-RAR (2003) that no adverse effect against genital organs of animals repeatedly exposed, that there is no evidence indicating adverse actions against genital organs and that teratogenicity and fetal toxicity were not observed in the developmental toxicity study via inhalation administration using rats. Therefore, it was classified into "Not classified".
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 3 (Narcotic effects, Respiratory tract irritation) Warning H335: May cause respiratory irritation (narcotic effects, respiratory tract irritation)
H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness (narcotic effects, respiratory tract irritation)
P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
According to EU-RAR (2003), the Narcotic effects and tiredness in humans exposed by inhalation were reported. Moreover, since nasal mucus and a slight membrane stimulus were observed in animals (e.g. rats) of inhalation administration test, it was classified into Category 3 (Narcotic effects, Respiratory tract irritation). In addition, EU-Annex I is Xi; R 37-41, and is equivalent to Respiratory tract irritation. Moreover, although liver and kidney are made into targets organ in dissection of the death animal, the influence on those internal organs is not deemed in dissection of the survival animal (EU-RAR (2003)).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (respiratory system, liver, hematopoietic system) Danger H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (respiratory system, liver, hematopoietic system) P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
There is a report of olfactory epithelial atrophy in mice subjected to inhalation exposure of 5 ppm (corresponding 90-day value: 0.0089 mg/L) or greater and rats subjected to inhalation exposure of 15 ppm (corresponding value for 90 days: 0.027 mg/L) or greater in EU-RAR (2003). Catarrhal rhinitis and localized effects on the respiratory system such as minute changes to the nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, lungs, etc. have also been observed. Therefore, it was classified as Category 1 (respiratory system). Effects on liver cells of the rats treated with inhalation of a dose of 10 ppm for three months, including the enlargement of the liver cells were found (NICNAS (2000)) and the increasing weight of liver and the liver centrilobular necrobiosis were observed in rats and mice treated with inhalation of a dose of 15 ppm (corresponding value of 90 days=0.027 mg/L) (EU-RAR (2003)). Moreover, in EU-RAR (2003), it is concluded that inhalation exposure of 5 ppm and more has cytopathic effects on the liver of mice and rats. Therefore, it is defined as Category 1 (liver). According to EU-RAR (2003), decrease in the erythrocyte count, hemoglobin value and hematocrit value is statistically significant in the rats treated with inhalation of a dose of 10 ppm (exposure period of three months or more, corresponding value of 90 days=0.045 mg/L) or 15 ppm (corresponding value of 90 days=0.027 mg/L) or more, which may result in anemia. Moreover, since increase in the platelet count was found (EU-RAR (2003)), it was defined as Category 1 (blood system).
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible - - - - Classification not possible due to lack of data

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) - - - - - -
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) - - - - - -


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference:
Reference Manual

Definitions / Abbreviations

Model Label by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)

Model SDS by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)


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