GHS Classification Result

Chemical Name:2-Furaldehyde
CAS:98-01-1

Result:
ID: 924
Classifier: Inter-ministerial Committee on GHS
Year Classified: FY2006
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Manual (10 Feb, 2006)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids , Warning H226: Flammable liquid and vapour P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P370+P378: In case of fire: Use ... for extinction.
P403+P235: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P210: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.
P233: Keep container tightly closed.
P240: Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241: Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/.../equipment.
P242: Use only non-sparking tools.
P243: Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
There is data of with 60 degC which is a boundary value between Category 3 and 4. Therefore, if the flash point is not measured with a real sample, it cannot be judged. The acceptance criteria are as follows: Category 3: 23 degC<= flash point <=60 degC; Category4: 60 degC< flash point <=93 degC
7 Flammable solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive or self-reactive properties present in the molecule.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not classified - - - - Flash point: 315degC (ICSC (J), 1998)
10 Pyrophoric solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metaloids(B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing oxygen (but not chlorine and fluorine) chemically bonded only to carbon and hydrogen (but not to other elements).
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Containing no -0-0- structure
16 Corrosive to metals Not classified - - - - UNRTDG Class: 6.1, Subsidiary risks Class: 3

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 3 Danger H301: Toxic if swallowed P301+P310: IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P330: Rinse mouth.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Calculated based on the following values: Rat LD50 value: 122 to 158mg/kg (CICAD 21, 2000), about 125mg/kg (DFGOT vol.9, 1998), 50 - 149mg/kg (EU-RAR, 2004), and 149mg/kg (PATTY 4th, 1994) and 50 - 100 mg/kg (PATTY 4th, 1994, Advice of Sanei Society, 1993). Since the calculated values was 86.1mg/kg, it was classified to category 3.
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Category 3 Danger H311: Toxic in contact with skin P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P322: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P361: Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
It was set as Category 3 based on rabbit LD50 value: >310mg/kg (EU-RAR, 2004) and between 500 and 1000mg/kg (PATTY 4th, 1994).
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Category 2 Danger H330: Fatal if inhaled P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P284: Wear respiratory protection.
P310: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P320: Specific treatment is urgent (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Calculated ased on rat LC50 (1 hour) : 189ppm (4-hour equivalent: 0.371mg/kg) (CICAD 21, 2000, DFGOT vol.9, 1998), 1037ppm (4-hour equivalent: 2.033mg/L) (CICAD 21, 2000), 995ppm (4-hour equivalent 1.95mg/L) (DFGOT vol.9, 1998), 4.075mg/L (4-hour equivalent: 2.038mg/L) (EU-RAR, 2004); and LC50 (4 hours): 235ppm (equivalent: 0.922mg/L) (CICAD 21, 2000, DFGOT vol.9, 1998, EU-RAR, 2004) and 0.6mg/L (EU-RAR, 2004). The calculated value was 0.8005mg/L (converted value of 204ppm). This is considered to steam with almost no mist from vapor pressure, and it was classified as Category 2 by the ppm concentration standard.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Classification not possible - - - - No data available
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 2 Warning H315: Causes skin irritation P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P332+P313: If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P362: Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
There is description that irritation was not acknowledged by 12-hour apply on skin of rabbits (CICAD 21 (2000) and EU-RAR (2004)). But from description that irritation was acknowledged by 24-hour apply on the skin of the rabbit (EU-RAR (2004)), and from description that the skin was stimulated as affect of the humans (IARC 63 (1995), Occupational Health Recommendation of Occupational Exposure Limits (1993), and PATTY (4th, 1994)), it was set as Category 2 .
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2A Warning H319: Causes serious eye irritation P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
Although stimulativeness, such as corneal opacity, was acknowledged in the eyes of the rabbits, the ocular change recovered nine days after (EU-RAR (2004), CICADS 21 (2000)). So we classified it as Category 2A.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data
4 Skin sensitization Not classified - - - - Based on the description that sensitizing was not acknowledged in Buehler test and Maximization test using the guinea pigs of EU-RAR (2004), and the description that sensitizing was not acknowledged in Maximization test for the human of DFGOT (vol.18, 2002), and since it was concluded that there was no skin sensitization property in EU-RAR (2004), we classified it to be Out Of Category.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Not classified - - - - There is a negative result (DFGOT vol.9, 1998, EU-RAR, 2004, IARC 63, 1995, NTP TR382, 1990) in the chromosome aberration test using the mouse marrow cells, which are the in vivo mutagenicity tests using a somatic. So it carried out outside of Category.
6 Carcinogenicity Category 2 Warning H351: Suspected of causing cancer P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
It was classified into the group 3 (IARC 63, 1995) in IARC. But it was classified into A3 (ACGIH 7th, 2001) in ACGIH, and category 3 (EU-RAR, 2004) in EU in 2003. So it was considered as Category 2 according to EU which is latest assessment document.
7 Reproductive toxicity Not classified - - - - It was considered as out of category based on the description that specific reproductive toxicity was not observed at the dose in which general toxicity is observed in parental animals in an oral administration study during the pregnancy using the rat (EU-RAR (2004)), and test that the oral administration toxicity in rat and mouse for two years and a carcinogenicity test, and the 13-week inhalation exposure test in a hamster, etc, in any study, effect was not observed in the genital tract of both sex. In addition, the CMR working groups of EU estimates that furfural should not be classified into a Reproductive toxic substances (EU-RAR (2004)).
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (respiratory system, liver) Danger H370: Causes damage to organs (respiratory system, liver) P307+P311: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
As in CICAD 21 (2000), ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOT (vol.9, 1998), EU-RAR (2004), PATTY (4th, 1994) and Society for Occupational Health Recommendation of Occupational Exposure (1993), description that respiratory irritation was seen in human exposure, description in CICAD 21 (2000) and IARC 63 (1995) that pulmonary edemas was seen in exposure of the guidance value range of Category 1 in the inhalation exposure test using rats, and description in DFGOT (vol.9, 1998) and EU-RAR (2004) that the affects on liver was seen with the given dose of the guidance value range of Category 1 in the oral administration study using rats Category .So it was set as Category 1 (respiratory tracts, liver).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (respiratory system), Category 2 (liver) Danger
Warning
H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (respiratory system)
H373: May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (liver)
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
It was classified into Category 1 (respiratory tracts) based on the descriptions that effects on lungs were observed in the range of guidance value of Category 1 in the inhalation exposure test using the rat (CICAD 21 (2000), DFGOT (vol.9, 1998), and IARC 63 (1995)). Moreover, we categorize it as Category 2 (liver) based on the descriptions that the effects on the liver was observed with the dosage of the guidance value range of Category 2 in the oral study using the rat (CICAD 21 (2000), DFGOT (vol.9, 1998), EU-RAR (2004), IARC 63 (1995), IRIS (2005), NTP TR382 (1990)).
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible - - - - No data available

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Category 3 - - H402: Harmful to aquatic life P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
It was classified into Category 3 from 96-hour LC50=16mg/L of fishes (Bluegill) (CICAD21, 2000).
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Not classified - - - - Since rapidly degrading (BOD: 93.5% (existing chemical safety inspections data)), and less bio-accumulative (log Kow=0.41 (PHYSPROP Database, 2005)).


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference:
Reference Manual

Definitions / Abbreviations

Model SDS by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)


To GHS Information