GHS Classification Result

Chemical Name:Dinitrotoluene
CAS:25321-14-6

Result:
ID: 413
Classifier: Inter-ministerial Committee on GHS
Year Classified: FY2006
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Manual (10 Feb, 2006)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not classified - - - - Because of a lack of data on the kick-off temperature and decomposition energy (though the substance contains nitro groups with its oxygen budget calculated at -114. 2,6-DNT, 3,4-DNT and 2,4-DNT may explode if heated according to ICSC (2004)). Classified as Division 6.1 (UN#3454 (solid) and 1600 (molten)) (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods). Commercial 2,4-DNT, which contains about 20% of 2,6-DNT, starts to decompose at 250degC -- a process that continues at 280degC (Bretherick (J), 5th, 1998). The decomposition energy stands at about 85% of that of TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) (5.1kJ/g) (Bretherick (J), 5th, 1998), according to some reports (NFPA, 13th, 2002).
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable - - - - Classified as "solid" according to GHS definition
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Classified as "solid" according to GHS definition
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Classified as "solid" according to GHS definition
6 Flammable liquids Not applicable - - - - Classified as "solid" according to GHS definition
7 Flammable solids Not classified - - - - Classified as flammable according to ICSC (2004). Classified intoo Division 6.1 (UN#3454 (solid) and UN#1600 (molten)) (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods).
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not classified - - - - Containing nitro groups with explosive properties. 2,6-DNT, 3,4-DNT and 2,4-DNT may explode if heated according to ICSC (2004)). Classified into Division 6.1 (UN#3454 (solid) and 1600 (molten)) (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods).
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not applicable - - - - Classified as "solid" according to GHS definition
10 Pyrophoric solids Not classified - - - - Classified into Division 6.1 (UN#3454 (solid) and 1600 (molten)) (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods).
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available (the melting points of isomers range from 52.5degC to 93degC, and the test temperature is 140degC. The melting points are 66degC (2,6-DNT), 58degC (3,4-DNT), 59-61degC (2,3-DNT), 71degC (2,4-DNT) (ICSC (2004)), 93degC (3,5-DNT) and 52.5degC (2,5-DNT)) (HSDB, 2006).
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - Containing no metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At)
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Classified as "solid" according to GHS definition
14 Oxidizing solids Not classified - - - - No data available, though being organic compounds containing oxygen bound to elements other than carbon and hydrogen. Classified into Division 6.1 (UN#3454 (solid) and 1600 (molten)) (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods).
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no "-O-O-" structure
16 Corrosive to metals Not classified (2,5-DNT), Classification not possible (2,6-DNT, 3,4-DNT, 2,3-DNT, 3,5-DNT) - - - - As for 2,5-DNT, classified into Division 6.1 (UN#3454 (solid) and 1600 (molten)) (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods). As for 2,6-DNT, 3,4-DNT, 2,3-DNT, 3,5-DNT and 2,4-DNT, test methods applicable to solid substances are not available. The melting points of isomers are 66degC (2,6-DNT), 58degC (3,4-DNT), 59-61degC (2,3-DNT), 71degC (2,4-DNT) (ICSC (2004)), 93degC (3,5-DNT), 52.5degC (2,5-DNT) (HSDB, 2006) (the test temperature: 55degC).

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 4 Warning H302: Harmful if swallowed P301+P312: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P330: Rinse mouth.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on the rat LD50 (oral route) value of 1,000mg/kg (CERI Hazard Data 98-15(3) (1998)).
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Classification not possible - - - - No data available
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable - - - - Due to the fact that the substance is "solid" according to the GHS definition and inhalation of its gas is not expected.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Classification not possible - - - - No data available
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Classification not possible - - - - No data available
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Not classified - - - - Based on the description in the report on rabbit skin irritation tests (SIDS (2005)): "non-irritating to the skin; mild erythema."
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Not classified - - - - SIDS (2005) reports that in a rabbit eye irritation test "one animal exhibited mild erythema which persisted for 24 hours." However, the study concludes that the substance is "non-irritating."
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Not classified - - - - Based on negative data on multi-generation mutagenicity tests (dominant lethal tests) and somatic cell mutagenicity tests in vivo (micronucleus tests and mouse spot tests), and the absence of data on germ cell mutagenicity tests in vivo, described in SIDS (2005) and DFGOT vol.6 (1994).
6 Carcinogenicity Category 2 Warning H351: Suspected of causing cancer P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Due to the fact that the substance is classified as Category A3 by ACGIH (2001).
7 Reproductive toxicity Category 2 Warning H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on the evidence of increased incidence of resorptions and fetal loss at doses causing parental toxicity in teratogenicity studies in rats, described in MOE Risk Assessment vol. 2 (2003). As for the health hazards, refer to "ID33, 2,4-Dinitrotoluene, CAS: 121-14-2," "ID414, 2,6-Dinitrotoluene, CAS: 606-20-2" and "ID416, 3,5-Dinitrotoluene, CAS: 618-85-9."
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (central nervous system, blood system) Danger H370: Causes damage to organs (central nervous system, blood system) P307+P311: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on the human evidence: "acute effects include methemoglobinemia which leads to cyanosis, headache, hypersensitivity, dizziness, debility, nausea, vomiting, dyspnea and loss of consciousness" (CERI Hazard Data 98-15 (1999)). Also based on the evidence from animal studies: "toxic symptoms include clonic convulsion, dyspnea," "central nerves system damage, dyspnea, and cyanosis" (SIDS 2004). The effects on experimental animals were observed at dosing levels within the guidance value ranges for Category 2.
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (cardiovascular system, blood system, nervous system, liver, kidney), Category 2 (testis, adrenal gland) Danger
Warning
H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (cardiovascular system, blood system, nervous system, liver, kidney)
H373: May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (testis, adrenal gland)
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on the human evidence: "electrocardiographic abnormalities and tachycardia were detected only in those workers who might have been exposed," "154 male workers suffered vomiting and nausea; exhibited hematological abnormalities including anemia, cyanosis and increased WBC, and muscular weakness. Of 154 workers, two developed jaundice and hepatitis; 36 complained of anemia at clinical examination performed immediately after exposure" (CERI-NITE Hazard Assessment No.51 (2004)), "excess deaths due to ischemic heart disease were observed," "major findings included paleness, cyanosis, anemia and leukocytosis," "nephrotoxicity manifested as renal tubular degeneration was detected in a dose dependent manner," "loss of appetite, taste disorder, nausea, dizziness and hypersensitivity" (SIDS (2004)). Also based on the evidence from animal studies including "decreased hemoglobin/RBC, idiopathic cardiomyopathy, testicular degeneration, adrenal degeneration, hepatocellular vacuolar degeneration/punctate necrosis, and exacerbation of chronic interstitial nephritis," "marked increases in reticulocytes and Heinz bodies observed in all treated groups" (SIDS (2004)). The effects on experimental animals were observed at dosing levels within the guidance value ranges for Categories 1 and 2.
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible - - - - No data available

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Classification not possible - - - - Classification not possible due to lack of data
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Classification not possible - - - - Classification not possible due to lack of data


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference:
Reference Manual

Definitions / Abbreviations

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Model SDS by MHLW

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