GHS Classification Result
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
NOTE:
Reference：
Chemical Name：Potassium dichromate
CAS：7778-50-9
Result：
| ID: | 262 |
| Classifier: | Inter-ministerial Committee on GHS |
| Year Classified: | FY2006 |
| Reference Manual: | GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006） |
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
| Hazard class | Classification | Symbol | Signal word | Hazard statement | Precautionary statement | Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Explosives | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Containing no chemical groups with explosive properties |
| 2 | Flammable gases （including chemically unstable gases） | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "solid" according to GHS definition |
| 3 | Aerosols | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Not aerosol products |
| 4 | Oxidizing gases | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "solid" according to GHS definition |
| 5 | Gases under pressure | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "solid" according to GHS definition |
| 6 | Flammable liquids | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "solid" according to GHS definition |
| 7 | Flammable solids | Not classified | - | - | - | - | Non-flammable (ICSC, 2001) |
| 8 | Self-reactive substances and mixtures | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Containing no chemical groups with explosive or self-reactive properties |
| 9 | Pyrophoric liquids | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "solid" according to GHS definition |
| 10 | Pyrophoric solids | Not classified | - | - | - | - | Non-combustible (ICSC, 2001) |
| 11 | Self-heating substances and mixtures | Not classified | - | - | - | - | Non-combustible (ICSC, 2001) |
| 12 | Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases | Not classified | - | - | - | - | Stable to water (water solubility:12g/100mL (20degC), ICSC (2001)) |
| 13 | Oxidizing liquids | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "solid" according to GHS definition |
| 14 | Oxidizing solids | Classification not possible | - | - | - | - | Classification not possible due to the absence of data, though the substance is an inorganic compound containing oxygen and "may intensify fire" according to ICSC (2001). |
| 15 | Organic peroxides | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Not organic compounds |
| 16 | Corrosive to metals | Classification not possible | - | - | - | - | Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available |
| Hazard class | Classification | Symbol | Signal word | Hazard statement | Precautionary statement | Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Oral） | Category 3 |
|
Danger | H301: Toxic if swallowed |
P301+P310: IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P321: Specific treatment （see ... on this label）. P330: Rinse mouth. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... |
Based on the LD50 value of 62mg/kg calculated from the testing data of rat LD50 (oral route) of 177mg/kg (EHC 61 (1988)), 149mg/kg (EHC 61 (1988)), 74mg/kg (EU-RAR No.53 (2005)), 48mg/kg (EU-RAR No.53 (2005)). |
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Dermal） | Category 4 |
|
Warning | H312: Harmful in contact with skin |
P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water. P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. P322: Specific treatment （see ... on this label）. P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... |
Based on the rabbit LD50 (dermal route) of 1,150mg/kg (EU-RAR No.53 (2005)). |
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Gases） | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Due to the fact that the substance is "solid" according to the GHS definition and inhalation of its gas is not expected. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Vapours） | Classification not possible | - | - | - | - | No data available |
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Dusts and mists） | Category 2 |
|
Danger | H330: Fatal if inhaled |
P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P284: Wear respiratory protection. P310: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. P320: Specific treatment is urgent （see ... on this label）. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... |
Based on the rat LC50 (inhalation of dust/mist) of 0.099mg/L (EU-RAR No.53 (2005)). |
| 2 | Skin corrosion/irritation | Category 1A-1C |
|
Danger | H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage |
P301+P330+P331: IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN （or hair）: Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P310: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. P321: Specific treatment （see ... on this label）. P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... |
Based on the description in the report on rabbit skin irritation tests (EU-RAR No.53 (2005)): "erythema (up to Grade 3) and edema were observed after application of the material diluted or moistened with saline solution. The effects subsided but still observed after 6 days from exposure. The similar skin reactions were noted when applied to the abraded skin," and guinea pig skin irritation tests: "skin 'sores'" (EU-RAR No.53 (2005)) and "skin ulcer" (ATSDR (2000)), and the human evidence of "skin corrosion" following repeated or prolonged occupational exposure. Although classified into 1A-1C, the substance should be placed in Category 1A from the viewpoint of safety, if further subclassification is needed. |
| 3 | Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Category 1 |
|
Danger | H318: Causes serious eye damage |
P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P310: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
Based on the description of human health effects of occupational exposure provided by ATSDR (2000): "blebs in cornea were observed after accidental splashing of the substance (solid or liquid) in the eye," and the description in the report on exposure to Cr (VI): the substance causes irreversible or reversible corrosion of an unknown degree. |
| 4 | Respiratory sensitization | Category 1 |
|
Danger | H334: May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled |
P304+P341: IF INHALED: If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. P342+P311: If experiencing respiratory symptoms: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P285: In case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... |
Chromium is classified into "Respiratory Sensitizing Substance" by the ad hoc committee of the Japanese Society of Occupational Allergy, and "Respiratory Sensitizing Substance: Group 2"* by the Japan Society for Occupational Health. These classifications, though not specifying potassium dichromate, seem to include chromium compounds. Potassium dichromate, which is a chromium compound, should thus cause respiratory sensitization. * There is a provision to the effect that "the category refers to the substance concerned and its compounds, but does not identify all substances causing respiratory/skin sensitization. |
| 4 | Skin sensitization | Category 1 |
|
Warning | H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction |
P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water. P333+P313: If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P272: Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P321: Specific treatment （see ... on this label）. P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... |
Chromium is classified into "Skin Sensitizing Substance" by the ad hoc committee of the Japanese Society of Occupational Allergy, and "Skin Sensitizing Substance: Group 1"* by the Japan Society for Occupational Health. These classifications, though not specifying potassium dichromate, seem to include chromium compounds. Potassium dichromate, which is a chromium compound, should thus cause skin sensitization. * There is a provision to the effect that "the category refers to the substance concerned and its compounds, but does not identify all substances causing respiratory/skin sensitization. |
| 5 | Germ cell mutagenicity | Category 1B |
|
Danger | H340: May cause genetic defects |
P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention. P201: Obtain special instructions before use. P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. P281: Use personal protective equipment as required. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... |
Based on positive data on multi-generation mutagenicity tests (dominant lethal tests), described in IARC 49 (1990), EHC 61 (1988) and NTP DB (access on October 2005). |
| 6 | Carcinogenicity | Category 1A |
|
Danger | H350: May cause cancer |
P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention. P201: Obtain special instructions before use. P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. P281: Use personal protective equipment as required. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... |
Due to the fact that the substance is classified as Category K (as Chromium hexavalent (VI) compounds) by NTP (2005), Category AI (as Water-soluble Cr VI Compounds) by ACGIH (2001), Category 1 (as Chromium (VI)) by IARC (1990). |
| 7 | Reproductive toxicity | Category 1B |
|
Danger | H360: May damage fertility or the unborn child |
P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention. P201: Obtain special instructions before use. P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. P281: Use personal protective equipment as required. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... |
Based on the evidence of adverse effects on reproduction and development observed at dosing levels producing no other effects on parental animals, described in EU-RAR No.53 (2005), ATSDR (2000), EHC 61 (1988), IARC 49 (1990). |
| 8 | Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure | Category 1 (kidney, central nervous system, liver, blood system, respiratory system, heart) |
|
Danger | H370: Causes damage to organs (kidney, central nervous system, liver, blood system, respiratory system, heart) |
P307+P311: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P321: Specific treatment （see ... on this label）. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... |
Based on the human evidence including "oliguresis, uroschesis, hyperhydration" (EHC 61 (1988)), "dilation and edema of the brain, necrosis of the liver, achromasia and hypertrophy of the kidney, necrosis and edema of the renal tubules, decreases in hemoglobin levels and hematocrit, increases in WBC count and plasma hemoglobin, reticulocytosis, pulmonary congestion, pleural effusion, decreases in cardiac output/heart rate/blood pressure, hemorrhage of the left ventricle anterior papillary muscle, necrosis of the renal tubules" (ATSDR (2000)). The acute toxicity of hexavalent chromium compounds manifests as "cough, yellow-green phlegm, dyspnea, pulmonary congestion, vomiting (yellow-green mucus), gastralgia, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, hepatic damage, renal damage" (CERI Hazard Data 97-18 (1998)). |
| 9 | Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure | Category 1 (liver) |
|
Danger | H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (liver) |
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... |
Based on the human evidence including "necrosis and congestion of the liver" (EHC 61 (1998)). The chronic toxicity of hexavalent chromium compounds manifests as "nasal mucosa, inflammation and ulcers in the pharynx and larynx, nasal septum perforation" (CERI Hazard Data 97-18 (1998)). |
| 10 | Aspiration hazard | Classification not possible | - | - | - | - | No data available |
| Hazard class | Classification | Symbol | Signal word | Hazard statement | Precautionary statement | Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Acute） | Category 1 |
|
Warning | H400: Very toxic to aquatic life |
P273: Avoid release to the environment. P391: Collect spillage. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... |
It was classified into Category 1 from 48 hours EC50=0.0225mg/L of the crustacea (Moina) (ECETOC TR91, 2003). |
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Long-term） | Category 1 |
|
Warning | H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects |
P273: Avoid release to the environment. P391: Collect spillage. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... |
Since acute toxicity was Category 1 and it was a metallic compound, and since an underwater action and bio-accumulation were unknown, it was classified into Category 1. |
NOTE:
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* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users. * This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice. * The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users. |
Reference：
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Reference Manual |
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Definitions / Abbreviations |
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Model Label by MHLW |
MHLW Website （in Japanese Only） |
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Model SDS by MHLW |
MHLW Website （in Japanese Only） |