GHS Classification Result

Chemical Name:1,1-Dichloroethylene; Vinylydene dichloride
CAS:75-35-4

Result:
ID: 127
Classifier: Inter-ministerial Committee on GHS
Year Classified: FY2006
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Manual (10 Feb, 2006)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - Containing no chemical groups with explosive properties
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
6 Flammable liquids Category 1 Danger H224: Extremely flammable liquid and vapour P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P370+P378: In case of fire: Use ... for extinction.
P403+P235: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P210: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.
P233: Keep container tightly closed.
P240: Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241: Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/.../equipment.
P242: Use only non-sparking tools.
P243: Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
The flash point is -25degC (c.c.) (ICSC (2004)) and the boiling point is 32degC. Those containing stabilizers are classified into Class 3, Packing Group I (UN#1303) (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods).
7 Flammable solids Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Classification not possible due to lack of data, though containing unsaturated bonds. Those containing stabilizers are classified into Class 3, Packing Group I (UN#1303) (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods).
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not classified - - - - Not pyrophoric when in contact with air at ordinary temperatures: the auto-ignition temperature is 570degC (ICSC, 2004)
10 Pyrophoric solids Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - Containing no metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At)
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing chlorine (but not oxygen and fluorine), with the chlorine bound to carbon and hydrogen (but not to other elements)
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no "-O-O-" structure
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to gaseous substances are not available (boiling point: 32degC (ICSC, 2004), test temperature: 55degC)

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 4 Warning H302: Harmful if swallowed P301+P312: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P330: Rinse mouth.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on the LD50 value of 1,500mg/kg, calculated from the testing data of rat LD50 (oral route) of 1,550mg/kg, 1,800mg/kg and 1,500mg/kg (CICAD 51 (2003)).
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Classification not possible - - - - No data available
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable - - - - Due to the fact that the substance is "liquid" according to the GHS definition and inhalation of its gas is not expected.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Category 3 Danger H331: Toxic if inhaled P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P311: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on the rat LC50 value of 2,300ppm (4 hours), calculated from the testing data of rat LD50 (inhalation of vapour) of 1.66mg/L (4 hours) (CERI-NITE Hazard Assessment No.48 (2004)), 26.18mg/L (4 hours) (CERI-NITE Hazard Assessment No.48 (2004)), 25mg/L (CICAD 51 (2003)), 25.4mg/L (4 hours) (EHC 100 (1990)), 60mg/L (4 hours) (EHC 100 (1990)), 28.4mg/L (4 hours) (EHC 100 (1990), 2.4mg/L (4 hours) (EHC 100 (1990)), was lower than 90% of the saturated vapour concentration (780,000ppm) under a saturated vapour pressure of 78.79kPa (25degC), the substance was considered as "vapour containing no mist" and was classified based on standard values expressed in ppm.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Classification not possible - - - - No data available
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Classification not possible - - - - Classification is not possible due to the insufficiency of data. The substance shows positive results in rabbit skin irritation tests, which are, however, believed to be attributed to a polymerization inhibitor (CERI-NITE Hazard Assessment No.48 (2004)). Furthermore, evidence of irritation is not reported in CICAD (2003).
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Classification not possible - - - - CERI Hazard Data 96-23 (1998) and EHC100 (1990) report the evidence of moderate eye irritation associated with transient corneal lesions observed in rabbits. However, these reactions might potentially be attributable to MEHQ, a polymerization inhibitor, given the following description in ATSDR (1994): "1, 1-dichloroethene is an ocular irritant in humans (EPA 1979b); this effect has also been ascribed to MEHQ." Moreover, no evidence of irritation was reported in CICAD (2003). Given these uncertainties, it was decided not to use this specific observation for classification.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Not classified - - - - Based on negative data on multi-generation mutagenicity tests (dominant lethal tests) and somatic cell mutagenicity tests in vivo (chromosome aberration tests and micronucleus tests), and the absence of data on germ cell mutagenicity tests in vivo, described in CICAD 51 (2003), EHC 100 (1990) and NTP DB (2006).
6 Carcinogenicity Not classified - - - - Due to the fact that the substance is classified as Category C by EPA (2002), Category A4 by ACGIH (2001) and Category 3 by IARC (1999).
7 Reproductive toxicity Category 2 Warning H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on the evidence of adverse effects on offspring at doses causing maternal toxicity, described in CERI-NITE Hazard Assessment No.48 (2005) and CICAD 51 (2003). In a reproductive toxicity study, heart defects were observed at dose levels inducing no toxicity in maternal animals (Dawson et al (1993)). However, it is stated in CICAD 51 (2003) that its biological significance is unclear and the data provided are insufficient to attribute the findings to the substance. Hence the observation of the study cannot serve as a basis for classification.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (liver, kidney, respiratory system), Category 3 (narcotic effects) Danger
Warning
H370: Causes damage to organs (liver, kidney, respiratory system)
H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness (narcotic effects)
P307+P311: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
Based on the human evidence including "suppression or excitement of the central nervous system, leading to unconsciousness in severe cases; irritation induced following a few minute exposure" (CERI-NITE Hazard Assessment No.48 (2005)), and the evidence from animal studies including "capillary bile duct damage, proximal renal tubule damage, centrolobular hepatocyte necrosis, congestive edema of the lung" (CERI-NITE Hazard Assessment No.48 (2005)). The effects on experimental animals were observed at dosing levels within the guidance value ranges for Category 1.
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (liver), Category 2 (kidney) Danger
Warning
H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (liver)
H373: May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (kidney)
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on the human evidence including "hepatic function disorder" (CERI-NITE Hazard Assessment No.48 (2005)), and the evidence from animal studies including "hypertrophy of hepatocytes associated with mild fatty degeneration of centrolobular hepatocytes, mild degeneration of the kidney, abscess, nephritis, fatty degeneration and focal necrosis of the liver" (CERI-NITE Hazard Assessment No.48 (2005)). The effects on experimental animals were observed at dosing levels within the guidance value ranges for Category 1 (liver) and Category 2 (kidneys).
10 Aspiration hazard Category 2 Warning H305: May be harmful if swallowed and enters airways P301+P310: IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P331: Do NOT induce vomiting.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
May cause aspiration and chemical pneumonia if swallowed (ICSC (J) (2000)), "In case of accidental ingestion, rinsing the mouth with water is recommended. An attempt to induce vomiting is not advised as the material may enter the pharynx and/or lung" (EHC 100 (1990)).

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Category 3 - - H402: Harmful to aquatic life P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
It was classified into Category 3 from 48 hours EC50=11.6mg/L of the crustacea (Daphnia magna) (CERI/NITE Hazard Assessment Report, 2005).
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Not classified - - - - Since it is easy to strip from the environmental water to the air (the half life of the water (lake and river) is 1 day and 6 days (CICAD (2003))) and the bio-accumulation was low (BCF=6.4 (Existing Chemical Safety Inspections Data)), it was classified into Not classified.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference:
Reference Manual

Definitions / Abbreviations

Model SDS by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)


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