GHS Classification Result

Chemical Name：Ethylbenzene
CAS：100-41-4

Result：
ID: 92
Classifier: Inter-ministerial Committee on GHS
Year Classified: FY2006
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - Containing no chemical groups with explosive properties
2 Flammable gases （including chemically unstable gases） Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
6 Flammable liquids Category 2 Danger H225: Highly flammable liquid and vapour P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN （or hair）: Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P370+P378: In case of fire: Use ... for extinction.
P403+P235: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P210: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.
P233: Keep container tightly closed.
P240: Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241: Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/.../equipment.
P242: Use only non-sparking tools.
P243: Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		The flash point is 18degC (c.c.) (ICSC, 1999) and the boiling point is 136degC, which is classified into Category 2. Classified into Class 3 and Packing Group II (UN#1175) (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods)
7 Flammable solids Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable - - - - Containing no chemical groups with explosive or self-reactive properties
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not classified - - - - Not pyrophoric when in contact with air at ordinary temperatures: the auto-ignition temperature is 432degC (ICSC, 1999)
10 Pyrophoric solids Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - Containing no metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At)
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no oxygen, fluorine and chlorine
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no "-O-O-" structure
16 Corrosive to metals Not classified - - - - Classified into Class 3 (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, UN#1175)

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity （Oral） Category 5 - Warning H303: May be harmful if swallowed P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. Based on the testing data of rat LD50 (oral route) of 3,500mg/kg representing the lower of the two testing data, 3,500mg/kg (EHC 186 (1996)) and 4,769mg/kg (ATSDR (1999))
1 Acute toxicity （Dermal） Not classified - - - - Based on the rabbit LD50 (dermal route) of 15,400 mg/kg (ACGIH (7th, 2002)).
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Gases） Not applicable - - - - Due to the fact that the substance is "liquid" according to the GHS definition and inhalation of its gas is not expected.
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Vapours） Category 4 Warning H332: Harmful if inhaled P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. 		Based on the rat LC50 (1999 hour inhalation of vapour) value of 17.2 mg/L (4,000 ppm) (ATSDR (1999), EHC 186, (1996)) was lower than 90% of the saturated vapor concentration (9,000 ppm) under a saturated vapour pressure of 0.9 kPa (20degC), the substance was considered as "vapour containing no mist" and was classified based on standard values expressed in ppm.
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Dusts and mists） Classification not possible - - - - No data available
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 3 - Warning H316: Causes mild skin irritation P332+P313: If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. Based on the evidence of primary skin irritation tests (ATSDR (1999)): "A 24-hour application causes mild skin irritation" (ethyl benzene is considered mildly irritating to the skin, though the results are not those of 4-hour application).
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2B - Warning H320: Causes eye irritation P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling. 		Based on the evidence of rabbit eye irritation tests (EHC 186 (1996)) "mild irritation to the conjunctiva, and no or reversible effects, if any, on the cornea." The substance is thus considered slightly or mildly irritating to the eye.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible - - - - Insufficient data available, the substance is considered to cause no skin sensitization, based on the results of skin sensitization tests on human volunteers (ACGIH (7th, 2002), EHC 186 (1986)). However, these results are insufficient to make conclusions about the skin sensitization, which is not evaluated by ACGIH.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Not classified - - - - Based on the absence of data on multi-generation mutagenicity tests and germ cell mutagenicity tests in vivo and negative data on somatic cell mutagenicity tests in vivo (micronucleus tests), described in SIDS (2005).
6 Carcinogenicity Category 2 Warning H351: Suspected of causing cancer P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Due to the fact that the substance is classified as Group 2B by IARC (2000) and Category A3 by ACGIH (2001).
7 Reproductive toxicity Category 1B Danger H360: May damage fertility or the unborn child P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Based on the description of mice/rat teratogenicity tests (CERI Hazard Data 96-41 (1998), SIDS (2005), MOE Risk Assessment vol. 1 (2002)): Toxic effects on the embryo (urinary malformation) are observed at dosing levels not toxic to maternal animals.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 2 (central nervous system), Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation) Warning H371: May cause damage to organs (central nervous system)
H335: May cause respiratory irritation (respiratory tract irritation) 		P309+P311: IF exposed or if you feel unwell: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. 		Based on the results of animal experiments (CERI Hazard Data 96-41 (1998)): The effects on experimental animals are observed at dosing levels within the guidance value ranges for Category 2, with respiratory irritation also observed.
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Classification not possible - - - - Insufficient data available
10 Aspiration hazard Category 1 Danger H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways P301+P310: IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P331: Do NOT induce vomiting.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Based on the description in ICSC (J) (1995): Ethyl benzene, if swallowed, may cause chemical pneumonia due to misswallowing. The substance is a hydrocarbon, the kinematic viscosity of which stands at 0.74mm3/s (25degC).

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Acute） Category 1 Warning H400: Very toxic to aquatic life P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P391: Collect spillage.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		It was classified into Category 1 from 96 hours LC50=0.4mg/L of the crustacea (Brown Shrimp) (CERI/NITE Hazard Assessment Report (preliminary version), 2006).
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Long-term） Not classified - - - - Since there was rapidly degrading (it was easy to degrade in essentials and to strip from water (SIDS (2005))) and the bio-accumulation was low (log Kow=3.15 (PHYSPROP Database (2005))), it was claasified into Not classified.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference：
Reference Manual
Definitions / Abbreviations
Model SDS by MHLW

 MHLW Website （in Japanese Only）

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